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This review assesses existing knowledge about the 17q21.31 inversion polymorphism, highlighting its genetic structure differences across ancestries, associations with various diseases, and implications for precision medicine and drug discovery.

In this study, the presence of certain KAP15-1 gene variants in sheep was associated with differences in wool yield and fiber characteristics.

This study found that zebrafish and sticklebacks, despite differences in their tooth regeneration structures, share a similar genetic program during tooth regeneration, suggesting a conserved "successional dental epithelium" in vertebrates.

This review discusses the evolution and revision of keratin protein nomenclature in light of genomic discoveries, reporting no new experimental results; the authors propose a new naming system for future keratin publications.

This review discusses selection signatures and selective sweeps in fiber-producing animals and recommends further genomic investigations to identify genes related to important fiber traits, without providing new results.

In this study, researchers observed significant differences in hair follicle microbiome diversity and microbial composition between hair loss and healthy groups, uncovering specific patterns and functional changes associated with female pattern hair loss, which may aid future targeted approaches for androgenetic alopecia.

This study identified five potential molecular targets for future androgenetic alopecia therapy using genome-wide gene-expression investigations and bioinformatics analyses.

In this study, researchers observed significant differences in microbial composition between UV-induced fluorescent and non-fluorescent scalp areas in patients with androgenetic alopecia, noting a higher abundance of Cutibacterium in the fluorescent regions.

This study identified genetic regions evolving at different rates in hairless mammals, suggesting that specific genomic changes may contribute to the evolution of hairlessness across various species.

In this study with a rat muscle defect model, decellularized muscle matrix demonstrated better integration, neovascularization, and myogenesis compared to commercially available acellular dermal matrices, and also showed trends toward reduced inflammation and fibrosis after 30 and 60 days.

This study found genetic variations, including de novo variants and copy number variations, that may be associated with phenotypic discordance in monozygotic twins with various clinical conditions.

This study investigated the genetic basis of coat color variation in cattle using skin transcriptome and whole-genome analyses, identifying the ASIP gene as a significant determinant that is differentially expressed and under strong positive selection in black and brown cattle breeds.

This study reports that X chromosomes often show greater differentiation between human populations than autosomes, likely due to a mix of demography and selection pressures.

This study characterized the mouse profilaggrin gene, finding it structurally identical to its human counterpart, and noted differences in protein-coding regions that could impact epidermal differentiation.

This article discusses how racial essentialism impacts health professions education by increasing prejudice and reducing empathy, and it suggests reforms to emphasize racism as a cause of health inequity, without presenting new research data.

This study identified and updated the annotation of 61 keratin genes in dogs and horses, improving the genome annotation in these species through RNA-seq data comparison.

Using a transgenic pig model, this study demonstrated that LGR5 is a marker of hair follicle stem cells across different species, with important similarities and differences in gene expression and developmental processes.

This study found that genetic variation in the KRTAP21-2 gene among crossbred Merino lambs was associated with differences in wool traits, particularly mean staple length.

This study found that the unique crest feather formation in Polish chickens is driven by a 195-bp duplication in the HoxC10 gene region, which alters gene expression by modifying the genomic structure, suggesting a mechanism for diverse integumentary appendages in birds.

This research detailed a single-cell atlas showing dynamic hair follicle stem cell states associated with the hair cycle during aging in mice, highlighting differences in chromatin landscape linked to stem cell differentiation and quiescence, and providing a foundation for future exploration of aging reversal.

This study identified 1965 different metabolites in various tissues of *Oresitrophe rupifraga* Bunge using a targeted metabolomics approach and found significant metabolic differences between its aboveground and underground parts, providing insights into the plant's unique growth traits and potential cultivation and utilization.

This study concluded that the Wnt signaling pathway does not significantly influence human keratoacanthoma development, but the overexpression of Sox9 suggests alternate signaling involvement.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

This research suggests that autism's genetic links are partially related to factors influencing physiological sex differences, with rare variants interacting with placental sex differences and common variants affecting steroid-related traits.

This study found that DNA damage in obese women was linked to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and hair chromium levels, with higher serum vitamin D associated with less damage and higher chromium with more damage.

This study investigated a Labrador Retriever with paw pad hyperkeratosis and identified a unique de novo heterozygous missense variant in the GJB6 gene, suggesting its potential role in the condition, analogous to Clouston syndrome in humans, although differences between species may provide further insights.

This study showed that vitamin D receptor gene-deficient rats exhibit hair loss and skin abnormalities due to differences in gene and protein expression patterns, while ligand-independent VDR action is crucial for normal hair cycle maintenance and skin formation.

This study reported no significant association between vaspin and visfatin -4689G/T gene polymorphisms and alopecia areata in the Turkish population, although the visfatin GT genotype may pose a risk factor for the condition.

In this study, DNA analysis of patients with androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata indicated potential differences in treatment response based on genetic makeup across Romanian and Brazilian populations, notably involving genes like GR-alpha and SULT1A1, which may guide personalized treatment strategies.

This study, conducted among Egyptians, found a borderline significant association between the Stul polymorphism of the androgen receptor gene and androgenetic alopecia in males, with higher androgen receptor expression in balding scalp areas.