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This study found that the FSHR Ser680Asn (rs6166) gene polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of PCOS in the examined population and could serve as a molecular biomarker for identifying risk.

This study describes a family with X-linked gynecomastia and undervirilization in men, finding a subtle androgen receptor abnormality that may not always lead to infertility despite androgen resistance.

This case report documents successful virilization, including penile length increase, in a boy with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome using high-dose testosterone combined with anastrozole.

This study observed that women with polycystic ovarian syndrome had higher serum SRAGE levels compared to controls, but the difference was not statistically significant.

This study found that combining Flutamide and an LHRH agonist in adult male rats effectively inhibited prostatic growth and reduced androgen-sensitive prostatic activity markers to levels similar to castrated rats.

This study suggested that moxibustion treatment before or at the early stage of diminished ovarian reserve in rats may improve ovarian function by modulating androgen balance, though its effects differ across intervention timings.

Finasteride may decrease semen quality but not harm sperm production, and stopping the drug can improve semen quality; hyperprolactinemia can cause infertility but is treatable with medication.

This article discusses the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis in androgen production and spermatogenesis but presents no new research findings.

In this study, using a 3D culture model, researchers observed that developmental stage and androgen levels influenced murine follicle growth, which may inform treatment for women with low ovarian reserve but cautions against excessive androgen exposure.

This review discusses hormonal therapies for acne related to endocrine disorders and provides practical guidelines for managing hormonally influenced acne in clinical practice, but reports no new clinical results.

This study observed that deslorelin acetate implants reduced sexual activity and improved coat quality in a German Spitz dog with alopecia X, suggesting its potential as a less invasive and reversible treatment for managing reproductive function and this dermatopathy.

This study found that treatment with the pure antiandrogen Flutamide did not affect the estrous cycle or plasma levels of most hormones in female rats, supporting its potential use for treating hirsutism, acne, and alopecia in women.

This review examines the negative effects of anabolic-androgenic steroid use on the male reproductive system, including impaired testosterone production, sperm production issues, and adverse metabolic consequences without reporting new clinical results.

This study found that fruit extracts from certain Egyptian Sabal species demonstrated significant anti-androgenic activity and potential therapeutic effects against benign prostatic hyperplasia in rat models and cell lines.

This article reviews the role of factor Xa inhibitors like Rivaroxaban and suggests they may eventually replace vitamin K antagonists, but their side effects require further clarification.

In this case report, an embryonal cell carcinoma of the testicle was associated with polycythemia and markedly elevated hormone levels without secondary sexual characteristics, which were restored after treatment.

This study reports that a young man with severe testotoxicosis maintained spontaneous fertility despite suppressed FSH levels, underscoring the importance of high intratesticular testosterone levels for spermatogenesis.

This study found that serum androgen levels in premenopausal women may be influenced by genetic variants of the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor β genes.

Opioid use may lower PSA levels, suggesting a possible role in prostate cancer control; PSA testing is useful for detecting prostate cancer; serum triglycerides are not linked to prostate cancer risk; and higher urethral PSA levels may be associated with local hormone activity.

This study found that the L457(3.43)R mutation in the human luteinizing hormone receptor increases phosphodiesterase activity, reducing hormonal response despite elevated basal cAMP levels.

In this study, certain genetic variations in the ESR1 and ESR2 genes were strongly associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and related metabolic issues in Tunisian women.

This study found that both myo-inositol and metformin helped restore normal menstrual cycles in patients with PCOS, but myo-inositol appeared to be more effective in inducing pregnancy.

This chapter reviews the role of androgen receptors in mediating the actions of androgens in specific tissues and provides no new experimental findings.

This review discusses the association between androgen receptor gene polymorphism and PCOS, reporting mixed findings on whether shorter or longer CAG repeats are linked to the disorder; it provides no new results and calls for further studies.

This study suggests that androgen receptor gene CAG repeat length may influence serum free testosterone levels in some PCOS patients, with longer repeats associated with higher testosterone concentrations.

This study found that in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, shorter CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene were associated with lower dihydrotestosterone and androstenedione levels, but a higher prevalence of acne and hirsutism.

This review examines the pharmacological properties and potential clinical benefits of 5α‐reductase inhibition in prostate cancer but reports no new research findings.

This study found no significant difference in the CAG and GGN repeat lengths between infertile and fertile men in Nigeria, but identified a unique GGN allele distribution in the Nigerian population compared to Caucasians.

This study identified novel selective androgen receptor modulators with enhanced in vivo pharmacological activity through structure-activity relationship analysis in castrated rats.

New treatments for prostate cancer are less toxic and show promise, but more research is needed to enhance their effectiveness and reduce side effects.