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This study found that calculated parameters like free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were higher in women with hirsutism and PCOS compared to controls, suggesting these might better assess hyperandrogenemia than measured hormone values.

In this study, DHT and calculated free DHT were linked to higher risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in elderly men, while total testosterone and calculated free testosterone showed no such associations.

This study using Mendelian randomization in UK Biobank data suggests that lifelong increased free testosterone may have mixed effects, including increased bone density and prostate cancer risk, warranting well-powered trials to address uncertainties.

This study found that elevated free testosterone levels may reduce body fat and increase bone density in males, but also raise the risk of prostate cancer, hair loss, and benign prostate hyperplasia.

This study found that among older men, lower calculated free testosterone was significantly associated with a higher risk of heart failure, suggesting a possible role of testosterone deficiency in heart failure incidence.

This study found that among Filipino women, a modified Ferriman-Gallwey score of 7 or above indicates hirsutism and is significantly associated with elevated calculated free testosterone.

Low testosterone levels may lead to more severe COVID-19 outcomes.

This study found that an oral testosterone formulation normalized serum testosterone levels and significantly reduced SHBG in men with experimentally induced hypogonadism after nine days of treatment, suggesting potential efficacy for testosterone deficiency.

This study concluded that the Free Androgen Index (FAI) could serve as a reliable biomarker for hyperandrogenism in women with androgenetic alopecia, showing more predictive value than testosterone or SHBG alone.

This study found that the free androgen index (FAI) is a superior marker of hyperandrogenism in men with premature androgenetic alopecia compared to DHEAS and testosterone levels.

This study found that women with PCOS have elevated serum androgen levels throughout adulthood, with these levels decreasing and variations increasing as they approach menopause.

This study suggests that decreased SHBG levels and increased FAI, free testosterone, and DHEAS concentrations are effective in diagnosing PCOS in epidemiological studies of women of reproductive age.

In this study, men with persistent sexual dysfunction after stopping finasteride showed significant vascular, neurologic, and hormonal abnormalities, with severe erectile dysfunction being common.

This article discusses testosterone production in the human body and its effects on muscle mass, bone density, metabolism, and skin, but reports no new findings.

This study found that total testosterone and free testosterone are recommended as first-line tests for diagnosing biochemical hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS; liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry is preferred for its accuracy.

This abstract discusses the unclear role of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in postembryonic life in marsupials and possibly humans, reporting no new findings.

This study found that free testosterone levels were a more sensitive indicator of hyperandrogenism in women with acne than total testosterone levels.

In this case study, biotin supplementation was reported to interfere with free testosterone assay results, leading to falsely low readings in a postmenopausal woman with hyperandrogenism.

In this study, elevated serum levels of aldosterone and free testosterone, along with increased androgen and aldosterone receptor levels, were associated with early-onset androgenetic alopecia in female patients.

This article reviews guidelines for testosterone replacement therapy in late-onset hypogonadism, emphasizing the need for clear indications and appropriate testing before treatment, but provides no new research findings.

This study found that a 5-mg daily dose of transdermal testosterone cream in postmenopausal women restored testosterone levels to those typical of premenopausal women.

This study measured plasma testosterone glucosiduronate levels and found no overlap in those with hyperandrogenism compared to normal females, despite normal testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels in half of the affected patients.

This study found that in female dogs, exposure to free fatty acids increased androgen production, suggesting a potential link to factors characteristic of polycystic ovary syndrome.

This review discusses the free hormone hypothesis for measuring "free" testosterone and critiques its theoretical basis and clinical application, noting it lacks critical empirical testing and has inconsistent utility in assessing androgen status.

This study found that triglycerides, testosterone, and SHBG levels were associated with hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS, while FGS was not linked to this condition.

In this study conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, researchers reported that males with androgenetic alopecia had significantly higher levels of serum LH, prolactin, testosterone, DHEA-S, and free androgen index, and lower levels of serum FSH and SHBG compared to those without hair loss.

This study found that free testosterone levels were 29% higher with the levonorgestrel implant than with the DMPA injection, which may impact sexual function, mood, and side effects like acne.

The authors propose that higher testosterone levels in hospitalized COVID-19 patients might be associated with worse outcomes.

This study found that obesity in PCOS women with biochemical hyperandrogenemia lowers androstenedione levels and increases the testosterone to androstenedione ratio, but this was not observed in women with clinical hyperandrogenemia or in controls.

This study found that among women with polycystic ovary syndrome, higher levels of the hormones estrone and free testosterone were associated with an increased cardiometabolic risk, especially in those who were overweight or obese.