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In this review, researchers explore various treatment options for alopecia, focusing on nano-drug delivery systems using plant-based substances, which are potentially effective and less harmful than current treatments, while also highlighting emerging trends such as 3D bioprinting and plant extracts for future therapies.

This review summarizes recent findings on how the dysregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway contributes to immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorders and discusses the potential of natural products, synthetic compounds, and biologic agents in their treatment. However, it emphasizes the need for further research to develop effective therapies.

This review discusses the pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical efficacy of flavonoids and saponins, highlighting the need for more data on their pharmacokinetics, interactions, and toxicities as most research is still in vitro.

This review examines advancements in lipid and inorganic nanocarriers, such as liposomes and inorganic nanoparticles, for transdermal drug delivery, noting enhanced absorption and stability but acknowledging that few have reached clinical use.

This study reviews current methods and emerging approaches to prevent and treat chemotherapy-induced hair loss, reporting that evidence-based research is needed to validate effective strategies, which could enhance cancer patients’ quality of life and treatment compliance.

This article discusses the potential of novel microneedle transdermal systems for enhanced drug and vaccine delivery through the skin, but reports no clinical results and emphasizes ongoing trials.

This review reported that while glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine tripeptide copper complex (GHK–Cu) has limited skin permeation when used alone, liposomes may enhance its absorption, but there is limited research on this aspect, highlighting a need for further studies.

In this review, researchers introduced clinically tunable siRNA delivery systems for hair loss treatment, discussing design principles and analyzing relevant clinical trials to propose a framework for optimizing siRNA delivery in a clinical context.

This review discusses the dermatological effects and potential mechanisms of plant adaptogens, emphasizing their role in skin health and aging without presenting new experimental results.

This review examines the potential of Cucurbitaceae seeds, such as those from watermelon, melon, and pumpkin, as sustainable and innovative ingredients in cosmetics, highlighting their rich bioactive composition and benefits for skin and hair, despite challenges like environmental instability and low permeability.

This literature review examined topical treatments for various alopecia types, finding that minoxidil and corticosteroids are effective for multiple conditions, while JAK inhibitors show promise specifically for alopecia areata. The study emphasized the importance of individualized therapeutic approaches to enhance outcomes in hair loss management.

This review highlights the potential of plant-derived natural compounds as biocompatible and biodegradable materials in dermal and transdermal delivery systems, emphasizing their unexplored benefits and detailing recent advances in isolation techniques and drug delivery technologies.

This review summarizes recent advances in alopecia management, focusing on combining synthetic and herbal therapies with innovative drug delivery systems like nanocarriers to enhance effectiveness and reduce side effects, while noting challenges with skin penetration and bioavailability.

This article compiles evidence on prescribing estrogen for hormonal imbalance in women, emphasizing it should be personalized and carefully managed by healthcare providers based on individual cases.

This article discusses a trial evaluating patient satisfaction with the TH07 treatment for androgenetic alopecia but reports no clinical results.

This study suggests that Equisetum debile extracts, particularly the ethyl acetate fraction, may offer natural cosmeceutical benefits for treating hyperpigmentation, delaying skin aging, and remediating hair loss due to androgenic alopecia.

This study demonstrated that hair follicles significantly expedite the absorption of caffeine through the skin compared to interfollicular pathways.

This review discusses the use of caffeine in cosmetics for its fat-reducing, antioxidant, and hair growth properties, but reports no new research findings.

This study found that caffeine can stimulate hair growth in vitro and counteract testosterone-induced growth suppression in hair follicles from male AGA patients.

In this study, caffeine applied in a shampoo penetrated hair follicles faster and more effectively than through the skin surface within the first 20 minutes.

The study reported that combining the Follicular Closing Technique with the Franz diffusion cell is a valuable method for investigating follicular caffeine penetration in vitro, though kinetics differ from in vivo results.

This study found that caffeine enhanced hair growth and keratinocyte proliferation in human hair follicles, with female follicles showing greater sensitivity than male ones.

Caffeine and siloxanetriol alginate caffeine in emulsion form can reduce fatty cell size and number, potentially treating cellulite effectively.

This review explores the effects of caffeine on cancer, cardiovascular, immunological, inflammatory, and neurological diseases, including its use in sports, and discusses advancements in caffeine delivery through novel nanocarrier-based formulations.

This study found that nanoemulsion formulations with oleic acid or eucalyptol significantly enhanced the delivery and retention of caffeine through hair follicles and surrounding skin regions.

This study presented a new two-dimensional model that successfully predicts transdermal permeation of caffeine, highlighting the significant role of the follicular pathway in increasing systemic bioavailability.

This study found that intramuscular caffeine improved radiation-induced skin reactions in mouse legs but did not affect tumor responses, suggesting potential benefits in cancer radiotherapy.

This study found that applying caffeine significantly improved the skin barrier function of male volunteers by reducing transepidermal water loss compared to female volunteers.