26 citations
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September 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, spironolactone was reported to stabilize or improve female pattern hair loss in 74.3% of treated women, especially those with signs of hyperandrogenism.
6 citations
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June 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that individuals with alopecia areata had significantly higher serum levels of retinol-binding protein 4 and increased IgG immunoreactivity against it, suggesting a role in the disease's pathogenesis.
Hair transplantation can effectively treat female pattern hair loss if done correctly, considering factors like patient's preferred hairstyle and proper use of techniques and medications.
7 citations
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October 2017 in “The Prostate” This study found that male pattern baldness may serve as a clinical marker for circulating sex hormone levels in men with localized prostate cancer, while chest hair density showed no significant hormone association.
40 citations
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March 1982 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that women experiencing diffuse hair loss had significantly lower levels of plasma sex-hormone binding globulin compared to controls, while their testosterone levels remained normal.
7 citations
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May 2019 in “Journal of the Formosan Medical Association” This study found that overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome carrying the HSD3B1 1245C allele had an increased presence of female pattern hair loss compared to those with the wild-type genotype.
1 citations
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November 2020 in “Cureus” This study found that severity of female pattern hair loss in premenopausal women was related to other clinical signs of hyperandrogenism like hirsutism and acne, but not to biochemical measures of hyperandrogenism.
1 citations
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October 2020 in “PubMed” In this study, nearly half of the female patients with androgenetic alopecia reported symptoms of hormonal disorders, but hormone test results did not show significant abnormalities.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study found that women with female pattern hair loss had significantly lower serum IGF-1 levels than controls, suggesting a possible role for IGF-1 in this condition.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study found that women with female pattern hair loss had significantly lower serum IGF-1 levels compared to controls, but no significant association between IGFBP-3 levels and hair loss severity was observed.
March 2026 in “European Journal of Medical and Health Research” In this case-control study, researchers observed that women with female pattern hair loss exhibited significantly lower serum IGF-1 levels than controls, while IGFBP-3 levels showed no significant difference, suggesting a potential role for IGF-1 in the condition.
May 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Medicine” This study concluded that the Free Androgen Index (FAI) could serve as a reliable biomarker for hyperandrogenism in women with androgenetic alopecia, showing more predictive value than testosterone or SHBG alone.
January 2024 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” This study found that A-FABP serum levels were significantly higher in male patients with androgenetic alopecia compared to controls, and the authors concluded that A-FABP could serve as a biomarker for early detection of this condition.
August 2015 in “Han'gug dongmul jawon gwahag hoeji/Han-guk dongmul jawon gwahak hoeji/Journal of animal science and technology” This study reported variable expression levels of TRα and CRABPII genes during the prenatal development of cashmere goats, contributing to an understanding of hair follicle formation in these animals.
18 citations
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October 2023 in “Nature Communications” In this study, male-pattern baldness was strongly associated with a higher risk of keratinocyte cancers, particularly squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma, likely due to increased sun exposure on the scalp rather than androgen levels.
Men with both baldness and scalp psoriasis often don't have psoriasis on bald spots.
32 citations
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January 1990 in “Clinical Endocrinology” This study found that women with female pattern androgenic alopecia have significantly higher levels of certain androgens and androgen sulfates compared to normal premenopausal women, suggesting markers for diagnosis and treatment efficacy.
34 citations
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February 1999 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” This study found that minoxidil increased 17ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity by nearly 40% in dermal papilla cells from balding scalps but not in nonbalding scalp cells or dermal fibroblasts.
34 citations
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February 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” In this study, the combination of finasteride and minoxidil significantly increased hair growth in balding male stumptail macaques compared to each drug alone.
19 citations
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September 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” TGF-β1 increases androgen receptor activity in hair loss, but Hic-5/ARA55 can counter this effect.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study suggests that Breezula® and Minoxidil both enhance hair growth in male pattern hair loss by promoting keratinocyte proliferation, with Breezula® potentially more potent in reducing the hair growth inhibitor IL-6.
May 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This phase 2 trial found that SM04554, a Wnt signaling modulator, was well-tolerated and increased follicle counts in males with androgenetic alopecia, suggesting potential for promoting hair growth.
203 citations
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November 1984 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study presents evidence suggesting that androgenetic alopecia is most likely inherited through a polygenic model, challenging the traditional view that it is caused by a simple Mendelian autosomal dominant gene.
72 citations
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September 1997 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This review discusses follicular transplantation for hair restoration, highlighting the importance of evaluating patient suitability and careful planning to achieve excellent cosmetic outcomes, but reports no new research findings.
66 citations
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June 2010 in “Experimental Dermatology” This paper argues that the cycling hair follicle serves as a valuable model for systems biology research, highlighting its potential for translational medicine.
6 citations
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May 2016 in “Urolithiasis” This study found that the risk of urinary stone disease increased significantly in patients with severe androgenetic alopecia, and that testosterone deficiency was more frequent among these patients.
2 citations
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November 2002 in “PubMed” This study found that most Asian patients with androgenetic alopecia in Singapore sought treatment in their thirties primarily for cosmetic reasons, with a strong familial tendency indicating an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common, hereditary hair loss condition that can be slowed but not permanently reversed with available therapies.
27 citations
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March 2013 in “Social Semiotics” This study analyzes how commercial websites for Propecia depict male hair loss and promote medical treatment, suggesting they contribute to medicalizing a natural condition for profit.
20 citations
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May 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses age-related changes in scalp skin and their potential effects on hair follicle aging, but reports no new clinical results, calling for further investigation.