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This study suggests that down-regulation of vasculature-related genes in dermal papilla cells from balding scalps might contribute to the development of androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that non-balding dermal papilla cells emphasized extracellular matrix organization and reduced inflammation when cultured in 3D or with adipose-derived stem cells, unlike balding cells which maintained inflammatory pathways.

In this study, significant upregulation of the genes SFRP2 and PTGDS was found in bald hair follicles of female pattern hair loss patients compared to non-bald follicles, suggesting these genes may be biomarkers and play a role in hair loss for this condition.

This case report describes a 3-year-old male with X-linked ichthyosis and associated neurologic abnormalities, identifying an unusual cortical development malformation and suggesting that abnormal hair banding may assist diagnosis.

This study identified several genes regulated by dihydrotestosterone in an SV40T-transformed human dermal papilla cell line, which may play a role in androgen-mediated hair growth regulation.

In this study of a TRPS type I patient, many genes related to keratin and hair development were down-regulated in balding scalp areas, providing new insights into TRPS and hair morphogenesis.

This study found that four microRNAs, which were significantly upregulated in balding hair follicle papilla cells, could play a role in the development of male pattern baldness.

This study identified histologic lesions and a defect in adhesion molecules causing hair loss in mice with the bal mutation, linked to a mutation in the desmoglein 3 gene.

This study found that L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate could reduce DHT-induced DKK-1 expression in balding scalp cells, suggesting potential for treating androgen-driven hair loss.

In this study, researchers identified 18 genetic associations with scalp and facial hair traits in Latin Americans, including novel loci for hair greying and balding, with implications for understanding hair evolution.

Proteins like aPKC and PDGF-AA, substances like adenosine and ATP, and adipose-derived stem cells all play important roles in hair growth and health, and could potentially be used to treat hair loss and skin conditions.

This review discusses the genetic and hormonal factors involved in androgenetic alopecia but reports no new research findings.

This chapter reviews signaling pathways related to androgenic alopecia in dermal papilla cells of balding human scalps, integrating published information and analysis of molecular interactions, without reporting new clinical results.

This review explores the hormonal regulation of hair growth and changes with season, age, and sexual development, and calls for improved treatments for hair disorders.

This study presents evidence suggesting that androgenetic alopecia is most likely inherited through a polygenic model, challenging the traditional view that it is caused by a simple Mendelian autosomal dominant gene.

This article reviews the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of Trichothiodystrophy and discusses the associated DNA repair defects, but does not report new clinical findings.

This study identified SFRP2 and PTGDS as potential biomarkers for female pattern hair loss, finding these genes consistently upregulated in bald hair follicles from all 18 patients, which may contribute to understanding the condition's pathogenesis and developing targeted treatments.

This study, conducted among Egyptians, found a borderline significant association between the Stul polymorphism of the androgen receptor gene and androgenetic alopecia in males, with higher androgen receptor expression in balding scalp areas.

This study found that co-culturing dermal papilla cells in a 3D structure with adipose-derived stem cells may enhance the expression of hair inductivity markers compared to 2D cultures.

This study found that isolated human scalp hair follicles express PGE2 genes and EP2 protein, suggesting PGE2 may play a crucial role in regulating hair growth.

This study found that specific junctional proteins are significantly downregulated in balding regions of the scalp in men with androgenetic alopecia, suggesting disrupted cell communication may play a role in hair loss.

In this study, researchers found that the gene LRRC15 was overexpressed in dermal papilla cells from balding areas compared to non-balding areas in patients with androgenetic alopecia.

Melanoma risk tools need improvement, a gene mutation causes a hair disorder that might be treated by managing cell stress, a potential therapy for a skin-ear disorder involves blocking cell channels, skin wrinkling may indicate lung aging regardless of smoking, and oxidative stress might contribute to common baldness.

This paper discusses how studying hair follicles in the balding scalp could reveal fundamental biological processes, without reporting new experimental findings.

In this study, researchers identified a mutation in mice that causes hair loss and immune system issues, located on chromosome 18.

This study found that the SRD5A2 A49T A variant is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, lower circulating 3α‐diolG levels, and a decreased risk of baldness.

This study reported that paracrine factors, such as IGF-I and SCF, were reduced in balding hair follicles compared to non-balding ones, while inhibitory factors like TGFß-1 were increased, providing insights into the androgen action in hair follicles.

The researchers reported two brothers with a new variant of X-linked trichothiodystrophy associated with an RNF113A gene mutation, highlighting features such as intellectual disability and growth failure, but without previously reported endocrinological or genital abnormalities, underlining the importance of genetic counseling for such variants.

In this integrative study, the researchers examined microRNA-mRNA networks related to androgenetic alopecia and found that miR-146b-5p may promote hair growth and improve inflammation, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for the condition.

Genes and hormones cause hair loss, with four genes contributing equally.