25 citations,
August 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.
1 citations,
January 2010 in “Springer eBooks” Hair loss in androgenetic alopecia may be due to ongoing tiny inflammation and tissue changes around hair follicles.
45 citations,
November 2015 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Hormones might affect the skin condition hidradenitis suppurativa, but their exact role is unclear.
174 citations,
November 2002 in “Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine” Hair loss needs more research for better treatments.
159 citations,
July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
21 citations,
February 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Hormones affect prostate health and disease, with certain hormone imbalances linked to prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
1 citations,
May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
54 citations,
July 2002 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” DHT, a testosterone byproduct, causes male pattern baldness.
17 citations,
October 2003 in “Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research” The gene SDR5A1 is found in scalp hair of both hirsute and normal individuals, but it does not explain differences in hair growth.
37 citations,
November 1995 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Topical finasteride and flutamide reduce gland size and enzyme activity, with flutamide being more potent, potentially treating acne, seborrhea, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia.
11 citations,
August 1997 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents” Many potential alopecia treatments need more testing to confirm they promote acceptable hair growth with minimal side effects.
Men with male pattern baldness are more likely to have unhealthy blood lipid levels, which could signal other health issues.
56 citations,
November 2007 in “Molecular and cellular endocrinology” Two enzymes regulate androgen receptor activity, affecting treatments for androgen insufficiency and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
3 citations,
April 2015 in “American journal of biomedical sciences” Androgens play a key role in hair growth and disorders like baldness and excessive hairiness.
January 2018 in “Journal of translational science” Eating alfalfa sprouts every day can raise testosterone levels in middle-aged men, but broccoli sprouts don't have this effect.
5 citations,
March 2001 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Diagnose and manage hair issues in women by checking medical conditions and using personalized treatments.
35 citations,
January 2012 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgen Deprivation Therapy for prostate cancer often reduces sexual function but intermittent therapy may be more tolerable.
52 citations,
June 1999 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Antiandrogen treatments combined with oral contraceptives can help manage hair growth and hair loss in women with PCOS.
5 citations,
January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
4 citations,
June 2017 in “Endocrine Reviews” Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) mainly affects nearby cells, doesn't significantly change prostate hormonal environment or cancer risk, and doesn't play a main role in causing hair loss or acne. More research is needed on its effects on heart health, sexual function, and bone health.
40 citations,
July 2008 in “Drug Discovery Today” Current treatments for male pattern baldness include minoxidil and finasteride, with new options being developed.
41 citations,
June 2016 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Hidradenitis suppurativa may be related to hormones and patients often have metabolic disorders; more research is needed to understand this connection.
50 citations,
March 2011 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Spironolactone improved blood vessel function and cholesterol levels in non-obese women with PCOS.
29 citations,
February 2018 in “Genetics research international” Certain genetic variations are linked to increased androgen levels in PCOS, but more research is needed to understand these connections fully.
34 citations,
July 2020 in “Frontiers in immunology” Androgens may influence T cells, contributing to higher autoimmune liver disease risk in women.
5 citations,
January 2001 in “Advances in protein chemistry” 5α-reductase inhibitors help treat disorders caused by DHT and have potential for future therapies.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.
31 citations,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Women with androgen excess, especially those with PCOS, have a much higher risk of heart disease and stroke.
200 citations,
August 2009 in “Experimental dermatology” Eating high-glycemic foods and drinking milk may worsen acne by increasing insulin and IGF-1 levels.
22 citations,
October 2011 in “Bone” Androgens affect bone and fat cell development differently based on the cells' embryonic origin.