30 citations,
November 2013 in “PLOS ONE” Androgen receptor signaling causes early aging of cells important for hair growth by damaging their DNA.
30 citations,
March 2011 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Flutamide improves female hair loss when other treatments fail, but may cause liver toxicity.
29 citations,
February 2007 in “Hormone and metabolic research” Blocking the androgen receptor in skin cells reduces their growth response to male hormones, suggesting a possible treatment for skin conditions linked to androgens.
29 citations,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.
26 citations,
November 2010 in “Experimental Dermatology” Two gene areas linked to male pattern baldness found, more research needed.
26 citations,
November 1993 in “Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry” Treatment during development affects hormone balance and sexual behavior in male rats.
24 citations,
January 1989 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Male rats have androgen receptors in their liver, which are different from proteins that bind estrogen.
23 citations,
December 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Finasteride works better for baldness in people with shorter gene repeats.
20 citations,
May 2011 in “Cancer Biology & Therapy” Finasteride may improve prostate cancer treatment outcomes.
20 citations,
February 2009 in “Chemistry & Biodiversity” Ganoderma lucidum may help treat prostate cancer by blocking male hormones and slowing cancer cell growth.
19 citations,
November 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” TGF-β1 increases androgen receptor activity in hair loss, but Hic-5/ARA55 can counter this effect.
17 citations,
April 1997 in “Archives of dermatology” The document describes a treatment for excessive hair growth in a teenage girl using medication and birth control, but does not report the results.
16 citations,
January 2003 in “Nuclear Receptor Signaling” Androgens and SARMs play a role in body mass, frailty, skin health, and hair growth, and are used in treating prostate cancer, acne, and hair loss, with potential for new uses and improved versions in the future.
14 citations,
December 2010 in “Seminars in Oncology” Rare adrenal cancers that secrete androgens or estrogens have a poor prognosis and are treated primarily with surgery.
13 citations,
April 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgen receptors found in monkey scalps, similar to humans, affect hair growth.
11 citations,
August 2007 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Scientists made a chemical (compound 4e) that can be applied on skin to reduce oil production, which can help with acne, but it might cause skin sensitivity to light.
10 citations,
November 2010 in “Journal of Dermatology” Longer CAG repeats in gene linked to more severe hair loss in females.
7 citations,
August 2019 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” Blood removal and birth control pills both helped with hormone levels in women with PCOS, but birth control was better for regular periods and blood removal had fewer side effects.
6 citations,
January 2013 in “Genetics and Molecular Research” Women with hair loss have more androgen receptors in certain hair follicles.
5 citations,
January 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Topical cetirizine 1% promotes hair growth in male androgenetic alopecia patients.
5 citations,
August 2012 in “Journal of Dermatology” Tamoxifen may cause female hair loss by increasing androgen receptor expression.
5 citations,
September 2011 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Pfizer found that pantolactam-based compounds can reduce sebum (skin oil) production when applied topically.
5 citations,
February 2011 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Flutamide and finasteride reduced sex hormones in pregnant hyenas, but increased them in males.
1 citations,
September 2023 in “JCEM case reports” GnRH analogues are effective for diagnosing and treating female androgen excess, offering a non-surgical option.
November 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.
August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” DHT reduces a cell's ability to promote hair growth, while 3D culture without DHT improves it.
June 2021 in “EBioMedicine” The authors maintain that shorter androgen receptor alleles may lead to milder COVID-19 by positively affecting the immune response, not due to changes in testosterone levels or activity.
January 2010 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” Two new compounds can block androgen receptor activity in different ways and may lead to new treatments for androgen-related diseases.
January 2009 in “The Year book of dermatology” Ludwig pattern hair loss results from varying androgen sensitivity, causing fewer thick hairs and more thin hairs.
November 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Ankle braces reduce motion, while external focus improves hip and knee movements.