Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interferon Gamma, and Substance P Are Novel Modulators of Extrapituitary Prolactin Expression in Human Skin

April 2013 in “ PLOS ONE ”

Ewan A. Langan, Silvia Vidali, Natascha Pigat, Wolfgang Funk, Erika Lorenzetto, Tamás Bı́ró, Vincent Goffin, C.E.M. Griffiths, Ralf Paus

Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha Interferon Gamma Substance P prolactin prolactin receptor PRL PRLR human hair follicles epidermis inflammatory dermatoses TNFα IFNγ

TLDR TNFα, IFNγ, and Substance P significantly affect prolactin levels in human skin, suggesting new treatments for skin and hair conditions.

A study conducted in 2013 investigated the role of Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα), Interferon Gamma (IFNγ), and Substance P in modulating the expression of prolactin (PRL) and its receptor (PRLR) in human skin and hair follicles. The research was conducted on skin samples from females aged 28-63 years. The study found that these substances significantly influenced PRL and PRLR expression. Specifically, Substance P decreased PRL in female human epidermis, IFNγ increased PRL in the epithelium of human hair follicles, and TNFα decreased both PRL and PRLR. The study concluded that intracutaneous PRL expression is not under dopaminergic control. These findings suggest a potential role of these substances in skin and hair diseases, and point towards new therapeutic options for inflammatory dermatoses.

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Research cited in this study

research Dopamine Is a Novel, Direct Inducer of Catagen in Human Scalp Hair Follicles In Vitro

research Utilizing the Hair Follicle to Dissect the Regulation and Autocrine/Paracrine Activities of Prolactin in Humans

research Hair Loss and Hyperprolactinemia in Women

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research Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and Estrogen Differentially Regulate Prolactin and Prolactin Receptor Expression in Female Human Skin and Hair Follicles In Vitro

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research Thyroid Hormones Directly Alter Human Hair Follicle Functions: Anagen Prolongation and Stimulation of Both Hair Matrix Keratinocyte Proliferation and Hair Pigmentation

research Probing the Effects of Stress Mediators on the Human Hair Follicle

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