26 citations
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March 2014 in “Rheumatology” This study confirms an association between TNF-α antagonist exposure and alopecia, indicating a class effect among the medications examined.
24 citations
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April 2013 in “PLOS ONE” This study identifies substance P, TNFα, and IFNγ as novel regulators of prolactin and its receptor expression in human skin, suggesting intracutaneous prolactin is not controlled by dopamine.
2 citations
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January 2014 in “Journal of clinical and investigative dermatology” This article reviews TNF-α inhibitor-induced alopecia, identifying various types of hair loss such as severe alopecia areata and scarring alopecia, and calls for more controlled studies to better understand this adverse effect.
1 citations
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April 2012 in “Informa Healthcare eBooks” Some medications for inflammation can cause a condition with scalp rashes and hair loss, often linked to Crohn's disease, and may require treatment changes to prevent permanent hair loss.
May 2026 in “Journal of the Egyptian Womenʼs Dermatologic Society” In this prospective study, 15 patients with patchy alopecia areata treated with intralesional methotrexate every two weeks showed a significant improvement in hair regrowth and reduction in lesion severity, with changes linked to decreased tissue levels of TNF-α.
