Off-Label Use of Topical Ruxolitinib in Dermatology: A Systematic Literature Review and Current Perspectives

This systematic literature review examines the off-label use of topical ruxolitinib in dermatology, focusing on its potential for treating various skin conditions beyond its approved uses. The review includes studies on alopecia areata, with a phase 2 study involving 51 participants showing mixed results in hair regrowth. Other studies and case reports on conditions like lichen planus, necrobiosis lipoidica, and plaque psoriasis demonstrated improvements in symptoms with minimal adverse effects. While ruxolitinib shows promise due to its action on the JAK–STAT pathway and favorable safety profile, its efficacy varies across conditions, and further research is needed to establish its role in dermatology. The review highlights the need for more rigorous studies to better assess its efficacy and safety.