In Search of New Therapeutics—Molecular Aspects of the PCOS Pathophysiology: Genetics, Hormones, Metabolism and Beyond

The document reviewed the molecular aspects of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) pathophysiology, focusing on genetics, hormones, and metabolism. It highlighted the complex interplay of genetic predispositions, hormonal imbalances, and metabolic dysfunctions contributing to PCOS. Key findings included the role of genes like CYP11a and CYP17, the impact of elevated anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, and the association of insulin resistance with PCOS. The review emphasized the need for novel therapies targeting the molecular causes of PCOS, as current treatments often failed to address issues like ovulation induction, insulin resistance, and androgenic symptoms. Promising substances for future treatments included inositols, GABA, kisspeptin, berberine, and naringenin. The document underscored the need for further research to optimize PCOS treatments.