Hair Thickness Growth Effect of Adenosine Complex in Male and Female Patterned Hair Loss via Inhibition of Androgen Receptor Signaling

June 2024 in “ International journal of molecular sciences ”

Jaeyoon Kim, Jae Young Shin, Yun Ho Choi, Jang Ho Joo, Mi Hee Kwack, Young Kwan Sung, Nae Gyu Kang

adenosine panthenol niacinamide androgen receptor signaling anagen stage hair follicles mitochondrial activity dermal papilla cells minoxidil androgenetic alopecia MNX Rogaine

TLDR Adenosine complex helps increase hair thickness and density in hair loss.

The study examined the effects of an adenosine complex (0.75% adenosine, 1% panthenol, and 2% niacinamide; APN) on hair growth in individuals with male- and female-patterned hair loss. Adenosine was found to inhibit androgen receptor signaling, elongate the anagen stage of hair follicles, and increase mitochondrial activity in dermal papilla cells. In a 4-month study involving 271 Korean participants, both APN and 5% minoxidil (MNX) significantly increased hair density and thickness, with APN showing a +10.32% increase in hair thickness. The results suggest that adenosine's anti-androgenic effects and its impact on hair thickness distribution could offer new treatment approaches for androgenetic alopecia.

View this study on mdpi.com →

Discuss this study in the Community →

Cited in this study

40 / 40 results

research Two Phase 3 Trials of Baricitinib for Alopecia Areata

148 citations , May 2022 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

Baricitinib was effective in treating alopecia areata in two major trials.

research Anti-Hair Loss Effect of Adenosine Is Exerted by cAMP Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Stimulation via Modulation of GSK3β Activity in Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells

March 2022 in “Molecules”

research Antiandrogenic Activity of Riboflavin 5′-Phosphate (FMN) in 22Rv1 and LNCaP Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

1 citations , February 2022 in “European Journal of Pharmacology”

Riboflavin 5′-phosphate (FMN) shows potential for treating androgen-related conditions but may be limited in treating prostate cancer.

research Niacinamide Down-Regulates the Expression of DKK-1 and Protects Cells from Oxidative Stress in Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells

1 citations , October 2021 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology”

Vitamin B3 may help prevent hair loss and promote hair growth by protecting scalp cells from stress and reducing hair growth-blocking proteins.

research Dexpanthenol Promotes Cell Growth by Preventing Cell Senescence and Apoptosis in Cultured Human Hair Follicle Cells

13 citations , September 2021 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology”

Dexpanthenol helps human hair follicle cells grow by preventing aging and death, and by supporting growth signals.

research Oral Minoxidil Treatment for Hair Loss: A Review of Efficacy and Safety

59 citations , March 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Oral minoxidil promotes hair growth but may cause side effects; needs monitoring.

research Quercitrin Stimulates Hair Growth with Enhanced Expression of Growth Factors via Activation of MAPK/CREB Signaling Pathway

25 citations , September 2020 in “Molecules”

Quercitrin may help treat hair loss by promoting hair growth and improving cell health.

research Getting Under the Skin of Hair Aging: The Impact of the Hair Follicle Environment

20 citations , July 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Aging scalp skin contributes to hair aging and loss, and more research is needed to develop better hair loss treatments.

research Polygonum Multiflorum Extract Supports Hair Growth by Elongating Anagen Phase and Abrogating the Effect of Androgen in Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells

15 citations , May 2020 in “BMC complementary medicine and therapies”

Polygonum multiflorum extract helps hair grow longer and fights the effects of hormones that cause hair loss.

research Minoxidil 1 mg Oral Versus Minoxidil 5% Topical Solution for the Treatment of Female-Pattern Hair Loss: A Randomized Clinical Trial

53 citations , January 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Oral minoxidil and topical minoxidil 5% both effectively improve female-pattern hair loss with safe side effects.

research Hair Growth Promoting Effect of Houttuynia Cordata Extract in Cultured Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells

16 citations , October 2019 in “Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin”

Houttuynia cordata extract may help hair grow by improving cell survival and increasing cell growth.

research Deciphering the Molecular Morphology of the Human Hair Cycle: Wnt Signalling During the Telogen–Anagen Transformation

49 citations , September 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Wnt signaling is important for the change from the resting phase to the growth phase in human hair cycles.

research Historical and Current Adenosine Receptor Agonists in Preclinical and Clinical Development

142 citations , March 2019 in “Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience”

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

research Response to: Rethinking Biotin Therapy for Hair, Nail, and Skin Disorders

4 citations , December 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

The authors agree that biotin may help certain hair disorders but lacks evidence for use in healthy people and call for more research.

research Compartmentation of Mitochondrial and Oxidative Metabolism in Growing Hair Follicles: A Ring of Fire

40 citations , July 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Growing hair follicles have high mitochondrial activity and ROS in specific regions, aiding hair formation.

research Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review

153 citations , March 2017 in “Endocrine”

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

research Topical Adenosine Increases the Proportion of Thick Hair in Caucasian Men With Androgenetic Alopecia

10 citations , May 2016 in “Journal of Dermatology”

Adenosine treatment thickens hair in Caucasian men with hair loss.

research A Guide to Studying Human Hair Follicle Cycling In Vivo

212 citations , January 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The document provides a method to classify human hair growth stages using a model with human scalp on mice, aiming to standardize hair research.

research Topical Adenosine Increases Thick Hair Ratio in Japanese Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

11 citations , December 2015 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

Adenosine helps grow thicker hair in Japanese men with hair loss.

research Vitamin D Deficiency in Alopecia Areata

105 citations , June 2014 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

research Signaling Involved in Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Development

223 citations , January 2014 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.

research Adenosine Stimulates Growth of Dermal Papilla and Lengthens the Anagen Phase by Increasing the Cysteine Level via Fibroblast Growth Factors 2 and 7 in an Organ Culture of Mouse Vibrissae Hair Follicles

28 citations , October 2011 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine”

Adenosine helps hair grow longer and stronger by boosting certain growth factors and signaling pathways.

research Biology and Genetics of Hair

89 citations , September 2010 in “Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics”

The document concludes that understanding the genes and pathways involved in hair growth is crucial for developing treatments for hair diseases.

research Changes in Structure and Geometric Properties of Human Hair by Aging

21 citations , July 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

Older people's hair becomes less shiny because it gets more uneven and curved.

research Hair Counts in Scalp Biopsy of Males and Females with Androgenetic Alopecia Compared with Normal Subjects

40 citations , July 2009 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology”

AGA patients have fewer hairs and smaller follicles; T:V ratio above 4:1 may indicate AGA.

research The Ludwig Pattern of Androgenetic Alopecia Is Due to a Hierarchy of Androgen Sensitivity Within Follicular Units That Leads to Selective Miniaturization and a Reduction in the Number of Terminal Hairs Per Follicular Unit

47 citations , December 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Ludwig pattern hair loss in women results from varying sensitivity in hair follicles, causing fewer visible hairs.

research Adenosine Increases Anagen Hair Growth And Thick Hairs In Japanese Women With Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Pilot, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

33 citations , December 2008 in “Journal of Dermatology”

Adenosine lotion improves hair growth and thickness in women with hair loss.

research Dihydrotestosterone-Inducible Dickkopf 1 from Balding Dermal Papilla Cells Causes Apoptosis in Follicular Keratinocytes

171 citations , February 2008 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A substance called DKK-1 increases in balding areas and causes hair cells to die when exposed to DHT.

research Indications That Topical L-Carnitine-L-Tartrate Promotes Human Hair Growth In Vivo

13 citations , November 2007 in “Journal of dermatological science”

research L-Carnitine-L-Tartrate Promotes Human Hair Growth In Vitro

26 citations , October 2007 in “Experimental Dermatology”

L-Carnitine-L-tartrate may help hair grow and prevent hair loss.

research A New Classification of Pattern Hair Loss That Is Universal for Men and Women: Basic and Specific (BASP) Classification

125 citations , July 2007 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

The BASP classification is a detailed and accurate way to categorize hair loss in both men and women.

research Adenosine Stimulates Fibroblast Growth Factor-7 Gene Expression Via Adenosine A2b Receptor Signaling in Dermal Papilla Cells

66 citations , June 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Adenosine may promote hair growth by increasing FGF-7 levels in dermal papilla cells.

research Control of Human Hair Growth by Neurotrophins: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Inhibits Hair Shaft Elongation, Induces Catagen, and Stimulates Follicular Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 Expression

64 citations , April 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) slows down hair growth and promotes hair follicle regression.

research A Randomized Clinical Trial of 5% Topical Minoxidil Versus 2% Topical Minoxidil and Placebo in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia in Men

269 citations , September 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

5% minoxidil works better for hair growth and density, with minor irritation.

research Minoxidil-Induced Hair Growth Is Mediated by Adenosine in Cultured Dermal Papilla Cells: Possible Involvement of Sulfonylurea Receptor 2B as a Target of Minoxidil

83 citations , December 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Minoxidil boosts hair growth by targeting adenosine and possibly sulfonylurea receptor 2B.

research TrichoScan: Combining Epiluminescence Microscopy With Digital Image Analysis for the Measurement of Hair Growth In Vivo

31 citations , June 2001 in “PubMed”

TrichoScan accurately measures hair growth and showed improved hair counts and thickness after finasteride treatment.

research Finasteride increases anagen hair in men with androgenetic alopecia

129 citations , October 2000 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Finasteride helps increase hair growth in men with hair loss.

research Treatment of Hair Loss

370 citations , September 1999 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair loss, but continued research is needed for better treatments.

research Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia

581 citations , October 1998 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Finasteride safely and effectively treats male pattern hair loss, but may cause reversible sexual issues and harm male fetuses.

research Hair growth effects of oral administration of finasteride, a steroid 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, alone and in combination with topical minoxidil in the balding stumptail macaque

40 citations , February 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Taking finasteride pills and using minoxidil lotion together can help grow hair.

3 / 3 results

research Hair Loss (Alopecia or Baldness)

June 2018

Baldness is often hereditary and linked to male hormones, becoming noticeable when half the hair is lost.

research Treatments of Hereditary Hair Loss (Alopecia)

April 2018

Some treatments like minoxidil, finasteride, and surgery can help with hereditary hair loss.

research Treatment of Hair Loss

370 citations , September 1999 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair loss, but continued research is needed for better treatments.