45 citations
,
January 2010 in “International journal of trichology” This review examines topical immunotherapy for severe alopecia areata, noting that diphencyprone and squaric acid dibutylester are non-mutagenic options with similar efficacy but different practical considerations, and reports no new clinical results.
36 citations
,
October 2002 in “The Journal of Dermatology” This study suggests that combining topical squaric acid dibutylester with other therapies may improve hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata unresponsive to topical therapy alone.
36 citations
,
May 2005 in “BMC dermatology” This study found that topical diphenylcyclopropenone was effective in treating severe alopecia areata but had a high relapse rate and was often accompanied by side effects like eczema and lymphadenopathy.
22 citations
,
March 1999 in “International Journal of Clinical Practice” This review discusses the use of topical immunotherapy for severe alopecia areata and resistant viral warts, highlighting diphencyprone's advantages and the need for careful handling to avoid staff sensitisation; it reports no new clinical results.
20 citations
,
March 2021 in “Drug design, development and therapy” This review summarizes the pharmacology, mechanisms, and clinical efficacy of topical immunotherapy for alopecia areata but reports no new clinical results.