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Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.

Finasteride and dutasteride reduce neurosteroid production, possibly helping treat glioblastoma.

Dihydrotestosterone causes p27 protein breakdown in ovarian and breast cancer cells by binding with SKP2.

Obesity changes androgen levels in women with PCOS, leading to higher testosterone relative to androstenedione.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.

The review suggests that while many AKR1C3 inhibitors show promise for treating certain cancers, more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness in humans.

Androgen use may increase the risk of stroke, but more research is needed.

New treatments for prostate cancer and BPH show promise, including novel compounds that target hormone synthesis and response.

Recent genetic insights show that low-renin hypertension includes a range from essential hypertension to secondary or familial forms, affecting diagnosis and treatment.

DHT, a testosterone byproduct, causes male pattern baldness.

The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

Blocking the FGF5 gene in sheep leads to more fine wool and active hair follicles due to changes in certain cell signaling pathways.

The enzyme 17β-HSD type 2 mainly performs oxidation in human sebaceous glands, which may help protect against acne.

Male androgenetic alopecia involves hair follicle miniaturization due to DHT, with potential treatments using inhibitors and blockers.

The research identified two types of keratinocytes in chicken scales: one for hard scales and another for soft skin, with similarities to human skin differentiation.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Insulin resistance and high male hormone levels are major causes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

Hormonal treatments are effective as a second-line option for moderate-to-severe acne in females, but should be used with caution due to health risks.

Blocking glucocorticoid receptors improves glucose metabolism in a PCOS mouse model.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

The document concludes that research on sulfatase inhibitors should continue due to their potential in treating various diseases, despite some clinical trial failures.

Neuroactive steroids could become safe, effective treatments with more understanding of their complex brain actions and metabolism.

Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.