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This study found that thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors are functionally expressed in various skin cells, implying potential physiological and pathological roles in skin, especially in conditions like autoimmune diseases.

HPT axis hormones boost mitochondrial function and growth in hair follicles, potentially aiding hair health.

Human hair follicles have their own thyroid hormone system.

This study observed that levothyroxine therapy in men with autoimmune hypothyroidism was less effective at reducing thyroid antibodies and hormone disruptions in those with early-onset androgenetic alopecia compared to those without hair loss.

The researchers reported that during early embryogenesis and larval development in Silurana tropicalis, inhibiting steroidogenic enzymes cyp19 and srd5beta affects genes related to thyroid and reproductive systems.

This review explores the complex relationship between thyroid hormones and skin, discussing potential mechanisms and known interactions but reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the need for further research.

The authors of this review explore the link between thyroid disorders and skin conditions in children, highlighting how conditions like chronic urticaria, vitiligo, and alopecia may signal underlying thyroid issues and emphasizing the importance of early detection for timely diagnosis and personalized treatment.

This study found that normal human epidermis expresses TSH and may be an indirect target of TSH signaling, with expression regulated by endocrine controls of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.

This article discusses the role of human hair follicles in neuroendocrinology and suggests potential new therapeutic targets by examining how neuromediators influence hair growth, pigmentation, and stem cell biology in organ cultures.

This review discusses the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism related to stress and examines potential Ayurvedic treatments, but it reports no new clinical results.

This study suggests that human scalp hair follicles express erythropoietin and its receptor, up-regulating receptor expression under hypoxic conditions, and may mimic another hypothalamus–pituitary axis equivalent involving the TRH-TSH system.

In this study, subclinical hypothyroidism in women with PCOS was linked to changes in the thyroid-prolactin axis and a lack of correlation between TSH and AMH, while gonadotropin levels and ovarian morphology remained unaffected, indicating the need for further prospective research.

The skin acts like an endocrine organ, making hormones that affect skin diseases and respond to stress.

This review discusses the similarities in clinical, endocrine, and ultrasonographic features between PCOS and other disorders with excessive androgen secretion, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis but reports no new clinical results.

This review addresses the physiology, diagnosis, and management of thyroid dysfunction in children, focusing on conditions like hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, but presents no new clinical results.

This narrative review highlights the crucial role of micronutrients and gut microbiota in thyroid function and suggests that nutritional imbalances may contribute to thyroid dysfunction or diseases.

This study used a glucocorticoid-injection model to mimic kidney-yang deficiency syndrome and reported symptoms related to hormonal imbalances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-target gland axes.

This case report highlights that in severe illnesses like sepsis, myxedema coma can occur with less elevated TSH levels than typical for primary hypothyroidism, likely due to inflammatory cytokines affecting TSH secretion, even when central lesions are absent.

This review covers the connection between thyroid diseases and skin conditions like alopecia, dermatitis, and vitiligo, and highlights the need for further research on the role of thyroid hormones in skin health.

This review discusses the classic skin characteristics of hypothyroidism, notably generalized myxedema caused by increased glycosaminoglycan deposition, and reports no clinical results.

This study observed that direct exposure to androgens in Western clawed frogs differentially affects thyroid receptor and deiodinase gene expression in male and female tissues, offering insight into sex-specific metabolic pathway activation.

This study suggests that vitamin D treatment may be less effective in reducing thyroid autoimmunity for euthyroid men with early-onset androgenic alopecia compared to other men with autoimmune thyroiditis.

This study in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia, found that the majority of the general population has limited awareness of thyroid disease symptoms and risk factors, with only 21.8% demonstrating good knowledge about the disorders.

This review discusses the complexities of interpreting thyroid function tests, highlighting the challenges primary care providers face due to patient demand and misinformation, but reports no new results.

In this study, T3 and T4 were found to directly influence human hair follicles in vitro, enhancing keratinocyte proliferation, prolonging the hair growth phase, and affecting pigmentation.

This article reviews the skin condition myxedema associated with hypothyroidism, highlighting its characteristic non-pitting, glycosaminoglycan-rich nature, and reports no new results.

This review discusses the effects of thyroid hormone on the skin and explores the potential for using it to treat skin diseases, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the potential therapeutic use of thyroid hormones on skin conditions, highlighting the need for further research but reporting no new experimental results.

This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and pathogenesis of autoimmune skin diseases and their associations with thyroid diseases, reporting no new clinical results.

This study found that the synthetic thyroid hormone receptor modulator KB2115 significantly prolonged the growth phase of human hair follicles in culture without altering mitochondrial activity, suggesting potential as a safer hair loss treatment compared to traditional thyroid hormones.