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The document concludes that various clinical methods are used to assess ageing skin and the effectiveness of anti-ageing products.

Stress hormone corticosterone blocks a growth factor to slow down hair stem cell activity and hair growth.

After menopause, women lose a lot of skin collagen, but estrogen replacement might improve skin health.

Cells in hair follicles help create fat cells in the skin by releasing a protein called Sonic Hedgehog.

Mice lacking a key DNA methylation enzyme in skin cells have a lower chance of activating stem cells necessary for hair growth, leading to progressive hair loss.

Hair growth can be induced by certain cells found at the base of hair follicles, and these cells may also influence hair development and regeneration.

Finding eosinophils near hair bulbs helps diagnose alopecia areata.

A new type of sudden, complete female hair loss was found, with most patients fully recovering within 6 months without needing steroid treatment.

Scarring alopecias are complex hair loss disorders that require early treatment to prevent permanent hair loss.

Menopause significantly reduces skin collagen, leading to thinner, less elastic skin, and hormone replacement may help but requires careful consideration.

Trichoscopy is good for diagnosing and monitoring hair and scalp problems in children but needs more research for certain conditions.

Disrupting Smad4 in mouse skin causes early hair follicle stem cell activity that leads to their eventual depletion.

Using a gene therapy with the Sonic Hedgehog gene helps mice regrow hair faster after losing it from chemotherapy.

Mice are useful for researching human hair loss and testing treatments, despite some differences between species.

Syphilis has a wide range of symptoms that can look like other diseases, and if not treated, it can progress to a more serious stage, especially in HIV-positive patients.

Activating Notch in adult skin causes T cells and neural crest cells to gather, leading to skin issues.

Improved dermabrasion techniques in 1987 led to better treatment results for skin issues like acne scars.

Oral retinoids are effective for treating severe skin disorders but have reversible side effects and risks for pregnant women.

People with Down's syndrome often have more skin problems due to a weak immune system.

Methotrexate effectively treated a 2-year-old's generalized pustular psoriasis without side effects.

Cavity macrophages gather on organ surfaces but don't really invade or help repair the organs after injury.

Ganoderma lucidum may help treat enlarged prostate in rats.

Transgender patients need proper skin care, especially when undergoing hormone treatments, to manage issues like acne and hair loss.

An 8-year-old girl with vitiligo developed extra hair growth on her knee after using tacrolimus ointment.

Thioglycolate lotions are the most popular method for permanent waving and hair straightening.

Brazilian propolis was found to speed up hair growth in mice by increasing the growth of skin cells that form hair.

Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are key for managing rare scalp disorders that cause permanent hair loss.

Non-invasive methods show promise for diagnosing skin diseases like psoriasis and lupus but need more research for regular use.

Scalp biopsies from dermatomyositis patients show chronic hair loss without scarring, with mucin and blood vessel changes being very common.

Hair loss in Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is reversible by treating the gut issues and doesn't need steroid treatment for the hair itself.