42 citations
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May 2007 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” In this animal study, administering testosterone alongside a 5α-reductase inhibitor counteracted testosterone's effects on prostate enlargement while preserving its beneficial effects on muscle and bone.
37 citations
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January 2015 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” This study found that Bokusoku extract and its compound pentagalloyl glucose inhibited testosterone metabolism and sebum synthesis, suggesting potential therapeutic use for androgen-related acne.
26 citations
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August 2014 in “PubMed” This study found that testosterone treatment in older hypogonadal men caused minor improvements in depressive symptoms and visuospatial memory, but overall, major cognitive benefits were not observed.
25 citations
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August 2006 in “Human Reproduction” This study found that the GGC repeat length significantly influenced testosterone levels in oral contraceptive users from high-risk breast cancer families, and homozygosity for short alleles may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.
24 citations
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October 2012 in “The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology” In this study, testosterone protected female embryonic heart cells from metabolic stress by being converted into metabolites that activate estrogen receptors and up-regulate certain mitochondrial channel proteins.
22 citations
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May 2006 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” This study found that calculated parameters like free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were higher in women with hirsutism and PCOS compared to controls, suggesting these might better assess hyperandrogenemia than measured hormone values.
21 citations
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April 1995 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” This case study describes a testosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma in a 55-year-old woman, highlighting the presence of Reinke's crystalloids, suggesting that Leydig cells may play a role in such tumors.
17 citations
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July 2003 in “Metabolism-clinical and Experimental” This study found that young women with female-pattern hair loss exhibit increased testosterone production rates while dihydrotestosterone production rates remain within or below the normal range.
12 citations
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October 2018 in “Aging male/The aging male” This study found that prostate cancer aggressiveness in men with obesity is associated with changes in age, BMI, testosterone, and estradiol levels, and that adipocyte-secreted molecules increase cancer cell aggressiveness in vitro.
12 citations
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January 2020 in “touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology” Testosterone may both worsen and protect against COVID-19 effects in men.
10 citations
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January 2019 in “Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism” This source reports that testosterone therapy may mildly improve sexual desire in women with sexual dysfunction but lacks long-term safety data and cannot be widely recommended, as no formulations are approved for women in most countries.
8 citations
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December 2022 in “International journal of molecular sciences” This review discusses phenotypic differences in testosterone production between mice and humans with HSD17B3 deficiency and reports no new findings; the authors highlight potential pathways and enzymes involved in testosterone synthesis.
5 citations
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September 2009 in “Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine” This study found that the petroleum ether extract of Citrullus colocynthis fruit and an isolated steroidal compound may reduce prostatic hyperplasia in rats induced by testosterone, suggesting potential use in managing androgen-dependent conditions.
4 citations
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November 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This study examines the link between testosterone use and hair health in males, stressing the importance of developing guidelines for safe usage due to associated health risks like liver toxicity, gynecomastia, and hair loss.
3 citations
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March 2025 in “Endocrine Connections” This study found that acne prevalence in late pubertal boys was 85%, compared to 15% in girls, with higher DHT levels noted in acne-affected adolescents compared to those without.
3 citations
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October 2022 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” This article reviews the role of testosterone in sexual health, supporting Testosterone Replacement Therapy as an effective treatment for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in postmenopausal women, though more research is needed on its long-term effects and applicability to premenopausal women.
2 citations
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January 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” In a rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia, this study found that purple corn extract may improve symptoms by inhibiting prostate enlargement, reducing androgen receptor signaling, and exerting anti-inflammatory effects.
2 citations
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January 2023 in “BioMed Research International” The researchers reported that a 5% Beta vulgaris L. extract nanogel showed better antialopecic activity in testosterone-induced alopecia in mice compared to a 2.5% concentration.
1 citations
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June 2021 in “Journal of pharmacopuncture” This study found that while CBD did not change gene expression including β-catenin in hair follicles, it restored decreased β-catenin expression in dermal papilla cells affected by testosterone or PMA, suggesting a potential modulating function on alopecia.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” In this case study, a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia experienced substantial improvement in musculoskeletal and neurobehavioral symptoms after low-dose testosterone therapy, highlighting its potential role in managing chronic glucocorticoid overtreatment effects.
This study found that 1′S-1′-acetoxychavicol acetate from Alpinia galanga inhibits Nox isozymes and suppresses testosterone-induced hair loss in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia.
In this study, 1'-S-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) from Alpinia galanga showed potential in suppressing testosterone-induced hair loss by inhibiting Nox isozymes in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia.
September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that administering a supraphysiological dose of testosterone to female rats significantly reduced estrogen and progesterone levels, disrupted sex steroid receptor expression, and interfered with the embryonic implantation window, indicating potential implications for androgen-related endometrial conditions.
In this systematic review, researchers observed that Toxoplasma gondii infection is associated with alterations in testosterone levels, generally increasing in humans but showing mixed effects in animals, highlighting a complex relationship that warrants further investigation.
May 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” This review outlines the role of testosterone in male sexual development and its therapeutic use for male hypogonadism, covering its biosynthesis, secretion, metabolism, and various biological actions, but does not report specific study results.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
This review discusses the complex causal relationships between testosterone exposure and various health outcomes, but notes that the studies reviewed show substantial heterogeneity.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this case report, a post-menopausal woman with symptoms such as hirsutism and elevated testosterone underwent surgery, which revealed hormonally active ovarian cellular fibromas, leading to symptom resolution and normalized hormone levels; the authors suggest further exploration of these tumors' hormonal effects.
May 2023 in “Journal of Ethnopharmacology” In this study, Allium macrostemon Bunge extract was found to promote hair regrowth in a testosterone-induced androgenetic alopecia mouse model by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and boosting hair dermal papilla cell proliferation and growth factor expression.
January 2020 in “Journal of Men s Health” In this study of BPH patients with testosterone deficiency, the combination of TU and dutasteride reduced prostate volume and improved testosterone-related symptoms but was less effective for sexual function compared to TU alone, indicating caution in using dutasteride for those with sexual dysfunction concerns.