16 citations,
January 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Antiandrogen drugs can reduce PSA levels in women with excess hair, suggesting PSA is a sign of male hormone activity in women.
35 citations,
October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.
855 citations,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
50 citations,
April 2010 in “Biology direct” Low androgen levels might delay prostate cancer but could lead to more aggressive, therapy-resistant cancers.
2 citations,
June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
1 citations,
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Autism's genetics are linked with early age of puberty and less hair loss, but not with hormone levels or polycystic ovary syndrome.
August 2024 in “The Journal of Urology” The 2024 guideline updates recommendations for genetic testing, imaging, and sperm retrieval in male infertility.
September 2024 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” HA-stimulated stem cell vesicles improved hair growth in male mice with androgenetic alopecia.
11 citations,
January 2001 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas but hair loss on the scalp.
41 citations,
September 2014 in “Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology” Melatonin may help treat PCOS symptoms in rats.
37 citations,
June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
187 citations,
January 1994 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and may help with baldness, but effects on sexual function and male fetuses are unclear.
155 citations,
December 2003 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Hair loss increases with age; alcohol raises risk, more female partners lowers it.
122 citations,
November 2010 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Male pattern baldness involves hormones and cell signals affecting hair growth.
32 citations,
July 2017 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride effectively treats hair loss in transgender men with few side effects.
22 citations,
August 2014 in “Clinical endocrinology” Taking finasteride for benign prostate hyperplasia may increase the risk of osteoporosis, especially at higher doses.
May 2024 in “Scientific Reports” Androgen receptors in the mouse brain may explain cognitive and mood changes in prostate cancer treatment.
138 citations,
October 2012 in “Behavioral Ecology” Masculine facial features may not reliably indicate heritable health, and more research is needed.
25 citations,
June 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Using anabolic androgenic steroids can cause serious, lasting health problems in many parts of the body.
7 citations,
January 2022 in “Animal Reproduction” Using rodents for research shows that health problems in the womb can cause diseases later in life.
2 citations,
December 2020 in “Phytomedicine plus” Taking Saw palmetto and Pygeum africana can change the levels of certain steroids in urine, which could cause confusion in doping tests.
August 2012 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” Men with early hair loss may have a higher risk of enlarged prostate and possibly prostate cancer due to shared hormonal factors.
253 citations,
March 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
165 citations,
December 2002 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Male hormones, particularly DHT, are linked to male pattern hair loss, and treatments like finasteride can help, but they don't work for postmenopausal women's hair loss, which may have different causes.
100 citations,
September 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Male hormones and their receptors play a key role in hair loss and skin health, with potential new treatments being explored.
75 citations,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Male hormones are important for hair and oil gland development and can cause conditions like excessive hair growth and acne.
62 citations,
July 2017 in “Endocrine connections” Adults with polycystic ovary syndrome are much more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea.
48 citations,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cytokines and neuropeptides are key in controlling androgen levels, affecting skin and hair conditions.
47 citations,
August 2000 in “Endocrine Reviews” The document concludes that more research is needed to understand excessive hair growth in women with normal hormone levels and regular ovulation.