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MENT could be a better option than testosterone for male hormone therapy and birth control because it works well at lower doses and has fewer side effects on the prostate.

Infertile men are more likely to produce sperm with abnormal chromosome numbers, which can affect pregnancy success and embryo health.

Removing the ATR gene in adult mice causes rapid aging and stem cell loss.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes are crucial for gene regulation, cell differentiation, and organ development in mammals.

Some common medications can harm male fertility, but many effects can be reversed.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.

Metformin taken during pregnancy increases SHBG in newborns but doesn't change other hormone levels in mothers or babies.

Finasteride temporarily lowers male rat fertility without affecting libido.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Lack or blocking of SRD5a, a key component in hormone creation, can lead to conditions like pseudohermaphrodism and affect hair growth, bone mass, muscle strength, and reproductive health. More research is needed on its regulation from fertilization to adulthood.

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.

Finasteride changes antioxidant enzyme expression, possibly affecting sperm protection in rats.

COVID-19 may affect male fertility and women might have better outcomes due to hormonal and immune differences.

A machine learning model called CATNIP can predict new uses for existing drugs, like using antidepressants for Parkinson's disease and a thyroid cancer drug for diabetes.

The right dosage of CPA and TB can work as a safe and reversible male contraceptive in monkeys.

Finasteride treatment changes Cx43 in rat testes, possibly causing fertility issues.

Finasteride affects offspring's antioxidant enzymes in epididymis, possibly disrupting sperm maturation.

Environmental factors and exposure to toxins may contribute to male infertility by affecting sperm and hormone function.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

The research identified and described a gene important for hormone conversion in endangered catfish, which varies in activity during different reproductive stages and after hormone treatment.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

Progeroid mouse models show signs of early aging similar to humans, helping us understand aging better.

Certain mouse strains develop a skin condition similar to a human hair loss disease due to genetic defects.

Sox6 is important in heart and kidney health, affecting diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure.

Basonuclin 2 is vital for the development of facial bones, hair follicles, and male germ cells in adult mice, and its absence can lead to dwarfism and abnormal follicles.

The review concludes that innovations in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and developmental biology are essential for effective tissue repair and organ transplants.

Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.

The document suggests that targeting the hormone DHT could be a more effective treatment for prostate cancer than targeting testosterone.

Finasteride doesn't change rat testicle weight or sperm production.