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Female pattern hair loss is caused by multiple factors and while treatments like topical minoxidil, hormone therapy, and low-level light therapy can help, none can fully cure it.

Testosterone can build muscle and bone without enlarging the prostate when a specific enzyme is blocked.

New therapies for Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome are being developed based on understanding the FLCN gene's role.

Prostasin has two roles in skin: one for normal skin development without needing activation, and another for proper hair growth that requires activation.

Bioengineering can potentially treat hair loss by regenerating hair follicles and cloning hair, but the process is complex and needs more research.

Hair follicle stem cells help maintain skin health and could improve skin replacement therapies.

PPAR-γ is important for healthy hair and its problems, and more research on PPAR-γ treatments is needed.

Hair follicle-derived extracellular vesicles may help heal chronic wounds as effectively as those from adipose tissue.

Scaffold-based strategies show promise for regenerating hair follicles and teeth but need more research for clinical use.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was first described in 1721, officially diagnosed in the 1990s, and is now known to be partly genetic and linked to insulin resistance, with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and carbohydrate metabolism issues.

Alkaline Ceramidase 1 prevents early hair loss in mice by keeping hair follicle stem cells balanced.

There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.

Using anabolic-androgenic steroids can harm men's reproductive health and increase the risk of heart problems and death.

Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.

Older men with low levels of a testosterone byproduct had a higher chance of developing an irregular heartbeat.

Managing oxidative stress might help treat low testosterone and related chronic diseases in aging men.

Men have more tryptophan in their hair than women, and it increases with age and is higher in darker and grey or white hair.

Mice with extra human KLK14 had hair and skin problems, including weaker cell bonds and inflammation, linked to Netherton syndrome.

Women with androgenetic alopecia have lower zinc and iron levels.

Genetic defects in the glucocorticoid receptor gene can cause conditions with abnormal sensitivity to stress hormones, and other factors may also affect this sensitivity.

Mutations in the NR3C1 gene cause a rare condition that affects hormone signaling and can lead to various symptoms, with dexamethasone as a treatment option.

Psoriasis may be chronic because it lacks certain immune system controls that prevent overreaction.

5 alpha-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may lower prostate cancer risk and improve cancer screening.

δ-GABAA receptors affect alcohol consumption based on the estrous cycle and influence movement regardless of the cycle.

Testosterone helps prevent skin damage in males by acting through both estrogen and androgen pathways.

A reliable model for screening type II 5α-reductase inhibitors was created and validated.

Gender differences affect allergy prevalence, severity, and response to environmental toxins, with women often more affected than men.

Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells are important for immunity and tolerance, affect hair growth and wound healing, and their dysfunction can contribute to obesity-related diseases and other health issues.

Drinking a lot of alcohol increases the risk of prostate cancer and can worsen the condition.

High levels of male hormones and irregular periods best predict how well PCOS patients will respond to metformin treatment.