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Human hair has more unsaturated fats inside than on the surface, and certain lipids may help bind the outer and inner layers together.

Melatonin protects skin and hair from damage and stress by acting as an antioxidant and influencing cell growth.

Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.

Changes in gut bacteria can contribute to the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), affecting metabolism, immunity, and causing inflammation. Treatments may involve adjusting these factors.

Pioglitazone improved insulin sensitivity and altered cortisol metabolism in PCOS patients.

The microbiome may be linked to hair loss and could be a target for new treatments.

Some existing medicines show promise as safe treatments to protect against the side effects of radiation therapy.

Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).

Chronic kidney disease can cause skin problems that affect patient quality of life, and treating these conditions can improve outcomes.

Two rare genetic diseases cause severe rickets in children due to defects in vitamin D metabolism.

Mutations in NIPAL4 cause skin issues by disrupting lipid layers, but some improvement is seen with topical treatment.

The document concludes that permanent hair loss conditions are complex, require early specific treatments, and "secondary permanent alopecias" might be a more accurate term than "secondary cicatricial alopecia."

Dermal EZH2 controls skin cell growth and differentiation in mice.

Genetic variations greatly affect individual metabolism and can impact health and disease risk.

Giving selenium yeast to pregnant goats leads to better hair growth and cashmere quality in their babies.

T cells and bacteria in the gut and skin help maintain health and protect against disease.

Myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin works better than myo-inositol alone for improving symptoms of PCOS.

The dog's skin condition improved significantly after seven days of treatment.

Testosterone is important for male sexual traits, reproduction, muscle and bone health, blood production, and metabolism, and works both directly and after being changed into other hormones.

14,15-EET may help reduce poststroke pain by affecting certain brain proteins.

Potassium levels affect blood sugar and insulin during dialysis, and malnutrition changes children's hair roots.

Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.

Different sPLA2 enzymes affect immunity, skin and hair health, reproduction, and may be potential targets for therapy.

The document explains how male reproductive hormones work and affect the body.

Cyclophosphamide often causes gastrointestinal issues, hair loss, and low blood cell counts in Chinese patients with autoimmune diseases.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

Valproic acid treatment increases a specific acid in urine by blocking an enzyme, possibly causing skin rash and hair loss.

The compounds tested could potentially treat hair loss and alopecia.

Mutations in the vitamin D receptor cause hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets, leading to poor bone health and requiring high calcium doses for treatment.

Hormonal therapy is a treatment option for acne, the only medical treatment for hirsutism, and the most promising for androgenetic alopecia.