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This review summarizes how single-cell omics technologies have advanced understanding of cellular regulatory programs in sheep and goats, but highlights limitations in genomic annotation and integration with population genetics for molecular breeding.

This study observed that individuals with androgenetic alopecia had abnormal correlations in hematologic parameters, suggesting a chronic, slowly progressing immune-related disorder tied to pubertal androgen secretion.

The researchers identified a pathogenic variant in the SRD5A2 gene among siblings with 46,XY disorder of sexual development, highlighting the importance of comprehensive genetic testing in diagnosis and management.

In this study, 7-10-year-old Polish children showed a significant increase in skin pigmentation levels, with girls exhibiting this change more prominently than boys, suggesting an early sign of puberty.

This study reported a significant increase in the use of spironolactone for treating acne and hidradenitis suppurativa in female adolescents, noting a 2- to 3-fold rise in prescriptions and suggesting improved tolerance compared to adults, though its efficacy in adolescents is less pronounced.

This article discusses the dermatologic impacts of gender-affirming medical care in transgender adolescents and emphasizes the importance of patient-centered care to improve dermatologic and overall outcomes; it reports no new clinical results.

The study has limitations, and future research should use better methods to improve treatment for children with hair loss.

In this study, researchers found that deleting Med1, a key epigenetic regulator in dental epithelia, led to hair growth on mouse incisors by altering enhancer landscapes and causing a switch from dental to hair lineage transcription programs.

This review discusses strategies for maintaining access to gender-affirming care for gender diverse youth during the COVID-19 pandemic and reports no new clinical results.

This review examines the skin manifestations of various endocrine disorders, highlighting their underlying pathophysiology and impact on an individual's health and quality of life, without reporting new research findings.

This study found that genetic risk factors for PCOS are linked to increased body mass index and earlier developmental milestones in childhood, indicating that PCOS may affect both sexes from early life.

This study examined cashmere goats using whole-genome resequencing data and found that the Inner Mongolia cashmere goat had the lowest inbreeding coefficient, with genes identified linked to fiber, fertility, disease resistance, and growth, which can inform future breeding efforts.

This study found that manipulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in embryonic mammary glands impacted their development, with high activity levels hindering branching and potentially redirecting cells toward hair follicle identity instead of mammary tissue.

This review discusses the early developmental origin of premature adrenarche and polycystic ovary syndrome and highlights potential utero-based mechanisms, reporting no new clinical findings.

This review explores the hormonal regulation of hair growth and changes with season, age, and sexual development, and calls for improved treatments for hair disorders.

This case report identifies a novel AR gene mutation in an adolescent with primary amenorrhea, suggesting that CAIS should be considered when evaluating patients with a female phenotype and breast development.

In this case report, researchers describe a 13-year-old phenotypic female with 46,XY karyotype, previously misdiagnosed with androgen insensitivity syndrome, who was later identified to have 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 deficiency, underscoring the importance of genetic and hormonal tests for accurate diagnosis of sex development disorders.

This review discusses 46,XY disorders of sex development caused by defects in androgen production and highlights the need for long-term care from experienced multidisciplinary teams, but it reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the impact of weight gain and obesity on the development of polycystic ovary syndrome and explores lifestyle strategies to manage the condition, without reporting new clinical results.

This review explores how androgens and growth hormone influence the development of terminal hairs and sebaceous glands, attributing variability in hirsutism and acne to differing genetic sensitivities to androgens, but reports no new experimental data.

This review addresses the effects of testosterone on brain development and examines both the established sex differences in brain functions and the debate surrounding structural dimorphism in neuropsychiatric conditions.

This article reviews the role of hormones in human penis development and associated conditions due to hormonal imbalances, but reports no new findings, suggesting hormone replacement can manage some conditions.

This study found that mammary resident macrophages play a key role in mammary tissue development by influencing cell division and maintaining mammary stem cell activity through the TNF-α-Cdk1/Cyclin B1 signaling pathway, highlighting their importance in the mammary stem cell niche.

This study found that mammary resident macrophages regulate mammary epithelium cell division and development, with implications for maintaining mammary stem cell activity and homeostasis.

This study found that maintaining a low level of Wnt/β-catenin activity is crucial for mammary gland development, as excessive activity inhibits branching and promotes characteristics of hair follicles instead, highlighting its role in skin appendage identity decisions.

This study found that prenatal exposure to finasteride in rats disrupted male reproductive development, causing physical alterations such as delayed preputial separation and increased nipple retention.

This article reviews common hair growth abnormalities in children, emphasizing the importance of distinguishing normal development from potential signs of metabolic disorders and indicates no new clinical results.

This review discusses the role of oestrogens in stimulating growth hormone secretion and influencing linear bone growth in children, and reports no new clinical results; the authors suggest that oestrogens play a key role in pubertal growth spurts for both genders.

This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of androgens and androgen receptors in skin disorders, particularly androgenetic alopecia, and reports no new clinical results; it highlights potential areas for future treatment development.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.