The Effects of Estrogens on Linear Bone Growth

The document reviewed the role of oestrogens in regulating linear bone growth in children and adolescents, highlighting that oestrogens, rather than androgens, may be the principal hormone driving the pubertal growth spurt in both boys and girls. This effect is mediated through oestrogen receptors in the growth plate and the GH-IGF-I axis. Evidence from individuals with mutations in the ER or CYP19 genes, and from conditions like androgen insensitivity syndrome, supports the critical role of oestrogens. The findings suggested that low levels of oestrogens stimulate bone growth and GH secretion, while higher levels promote sexual maturation and epiphyseal fusion.