April 2024 in “International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies” This study outlines a multidisciplinary approach to investigate primary amenorrhea, emphasizing the necessity to consider medical history, physical examination, and potential hormonal or anatomical causes, and recommends early referral in cases of chromosomal abnormalities or persistent amenorrhea following the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” This case report describes the diagnosis and management of a 15-year-old girl with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, highlighting the importance of thorough physical exams for early detection and treatment planning.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this case report, an 18-year-old Vietnamese female with primary amenorrhea and normal female phenotype was most likely diagnosed with müllerian agenesis, highlighting its association with embryologic underdevelopment of the müllerian duct.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis of Swyer Syndrome in adolescents with slow pubertal progression and primary amenorrhea due to the high risk of germ cell cancers.
May 1999 in “Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise” This case report discusses an elite female gymnast who experienced delayed menarche likely due to exercise-associated amenorrhea and diagnosed wrist conditions, recommending a treatment of reduced weight-bearing and dietary review.
22 citations
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March 2021 in “European journal of endocrinology” This source provides a comprehensive review of the causes, diagnostics, and management of primary amenorrhea in pediatric endocrinology and gynecology, emphasizing that with early and accurate diagnosis, fertility may be achievable even when a cure is not available.
4 citations
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August 2017 in “The Nurse Practitioner” This article discusses the systematic diagnostic evaluation of secondary amenorrhea and provides guidance for referral considerations; it reports no new research findings.
4 citations
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January 2014 in “Dermatology” This case report details a woman with autoimmune primary ovarian insufficiency linked to hormonal contraception discontinuation, who achieved pregnancy through ovarian stimulation and in vitro fertilization despite typically low fertility in such conditions.
July 2021 in “Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences” This article reviews the causes and management strategies for amenorrhea and reports no new clinical results, with treatment typically based on the underlying cause, including hormonal therapy and lifestyle changes.
9 citations
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November 2014 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” This case report describes a young female with a rare combination of 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis and MRKH syndrome, highlighting associated infertility challenges.
5 citations
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November 2021 in “Saudi medical journal” This report describes three Saudi sisters with Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome, who exhibited typical features of the condition along with unusual gynecological anomalies.
2 citations
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October 2022 in “Frontiers in genetics” This case report describes a 46-year-old Italian woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia who experienced significant improvements in physical and psychological health after receiving a delayed diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
1 citations
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October 2022 in “Curēus” This case report highlights the challenges in diagnosing simple-virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia, emphasizing the importance of early expert evaluation to prevent irreversible changes such as virilization.
1 citations
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September 2017 in “Zhonghua neifenmi daixie zazhi” This article discusses the importance of routine karyotyping in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, as it may reveal the presence of Turner syndrome and recommends early diagnosis and treatment; it reports no new clinical results.
June 2026 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This case report describes an extremely rare instance of seminoma in an adult with SRY-negative 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development, uniquely presenting as acute abdomen due to gonadal torsion.
May 2025 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” This case study highlights a testosterone- and cortisol-secreting adrenal oncocytic neoplasm in an 18-year-old woman, illustrating the role of surgical excision in resolving hyperandrogenism and restoring menstruation.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report describes a 34-year-old woman with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome, highlighting the need for long-term follow-up due to potential progression from isolated hormonal deficiencies to pan-hypopituitarism.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case study highlights the late diagnosis of complete androgen insensitivity syndrome in a 31-year-old woman, emphasizing the psychological impact and need for individualized treatment guidelines.
September 2006 in “Pediatrics in Review” This case report highlights a 16-year-old girl with primary amenorrhea diagnosed with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome after chromosomal analysis revealed a 46,XY karyotype.
19 citations
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January 2013 in “Pediatrics in review” This review discusses the onset of menstruation and related challenges in young women, with a focus on primary amenorrhea, its diagnosis, and management strategies, and reports no new clinical findings.
30 citations
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July 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.
78 citations
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November 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.
38 citations
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October 2006 in “Fertility and Sterility” The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.
21 citations
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September 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.
January 2024 in “Women's health science journal” This source provides a comprehensive overview of amenorrhea, detailing its classification, potential causes such as hormonal imbalances and structural abnormalities, and the various management strategies including hormone therapy and lifestyle modifications tailored to its underlying causes.
39 citations
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August 2001 in “Clinical endocrinology” This study found that lean women with PCOS have a similar degree of tissue insulin resistance as obese women with PCOS, suggesting that insulin resistance may be a primary feature of the syndrome.
January 1977 in “Case Reports in Medicine” This article discusses ovarian steroid cell tumors, which can produce testosterone and manifest symptoms like hirsutism, emphasizing surgery as the primary treatment, but reports no new clinical findings.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “BMJ Case Reports” This study highlighted that Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors should be considered in young women with secondary amenorrhea and virilization, and fertility-preserving surgery can be effective when diagnosed early.
5 citations
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December 2004 in “Dermatology” This review describes two cases of young women with primary amenorrhea and hyperandrogenemia, suggesting that adrenal tumors should be considered in patients with significantly elevated circulating testosterone levels.
3 citations
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April 2020 in “Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences” This review discusses the reproductive challenges and potential pathophysiological mechanisms related to anorexia nervosa, noting possible long-term effects on fertility and pregnancy outcomes.