Acne Tarda and Male-Pattern Baldness Unmasking Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: A Case and Review

In 2014, a 30-year-old woman with symptoms of recurrent acne and male-pattern baldness was diagnosed with autoimmune hypergonadotropic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) after presenting with amenorrhea, weight loss, mucosal xerosis, and dyspareunia. Hormonal and immunologic tests, along with an ultrasound, revealed significant ovarian fibrosis and a reduced follicle pool. Despite the low pregnancy chances in POI patients, ranging from 5-10%, the patient achieved pregnancy through immediate ovarian stimulation and in vitro fertilization, resulting in the birth of a healthy child. The case emphasized the unpredictable nature of ovarian function in POI and the necessity of early diagnosis for fertility. It was noted that genetic disorders and autoimmunity are associated with 14-30% of POI cases, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary medical cooperation in managing such conditions.