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Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.

While PCOS might increase the risk of heart disease, there's not strong evidence to prove it causes earlier heart problems.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

High androgen levels in young women with PCOS are linked to higher blood pressure.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

The sebaceous gland has more roles than just producing sebum and contributing to acne, and new research could lead to better skin disease treatments.

Hormonal treatments, including birth control and antiandrogens, can effectively treat acne in women.

S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.

Oestrogens help maintain healthy skin, heal wounds, and may protect against skin aging and cancer.

PCOS symptoms change with age; younger women have higher androgen levels and less metabolic issues, while older women face more metabolic challenges despite milder PCOS symptoms.

Metformin combined with lifestyle changes improves insulin resistance and reduces testosterone levels in women with PCOS more than lifestyle changes alone.

Testosterone may slow down wound healing and increase inflammation.

Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.

Different treatments for alopecia areata have varying success rates and side effects; intralesional steroids are most effective.

Androgens significantly affect female hair loss, and hormonal treatments may help.

Ketoconazole reduced hair growth and improved acne in women, but caused side effects needing careful monitoring.

The research found that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has two distinct types, with one having more severe hormone and insulin issues.

Certain genetic variations in the SHBG gene are linked to an increased or decreased risk of PCOS in Mediterranean women.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.

Androgens may influence T cells, contributing to higher autoimmune liver disease risk in women.

Finasteride reduces hair growth and is safe for women with excessive hair.

Women with severe types of PCOS are more likely to have metabolic syndrome, and belly fat is a key predictor of this risk.

Oral retinoids are effective for treating severe skin disorders but have reversible side effects and risks for pregnant women.

Future osteoporosis treatments should focus on increasing bone growth, with many promising options available.

Hormonal treatment is effective for women with acne not helped by usual treatments, especially if they have hormonal imbalances.

Cyclodextrins improve how steroid drugs work and are used in marketed medications and environmental applications.

Acne is an important sign of androgen excess disorders in women.

High levels of male hormones are very common in women with PCOS and affect their metabolism differently depending on their weight.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.