The Many Faces of Calcineurin Inhibitor Toxicity—What the FK?

The document reviewed the toxicity of calcineurin inhibitors, particularly cyclosporine A and tacrolimus, highlighting their impact on cholesterol homeostasis, neurotoxicity, and other side effects. It discussed the effects of these drugs on plasma lipoprotein levels, the risk of new-onset diabetes post-transplantation, and neurotoxic effects such as reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. Additionally, it noted that cyclosporine A could induce hair growth by inhibiting calcineurin-dependent activation of NFAT in follicular keratinocytes, while tacrolimus was associated with alopecia in some transplant recipients.