35 citations,
January 2018 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” Nanoemulsion creams with certain enhancers can greatly increase caffeine delivery through skin.
153 citations,
October 2012 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Caffeine in cosmetics may reduce cellulite, protect skin, and stimulate hair growth, but more research is needed on its use and effects.
9 citations,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
17 citations,
June 2018 in “Frontiers in Physiology” ADM scaffolds help skin heal by promoting a healing-type immune response.
Vitamin D is crucial for skin health and managing skin diseases.
159 citations,
December 2007 in “American Journal of Pathology” Stress-related substance P may lead to hair loss and negatively affect hair growth.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Activating Nrf2 helps wounds heal faster by increasing hair follicle stem cells.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Older hair follicle stem cells have a reduced ability to renew themselves, leading to more hair loss.
1 citations,
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Fzd2 is important for skin and hair development through various signaling ways.
22 citations,
November 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Hair growth and health are influenced by stress and hormones.
7 citations,
February 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Fat tissue and a specific protein are crucial for healthy hair growth and maintenance.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are increased in alopecia areata, with Th2 response more strongly linked to how severe the disease is.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Topical tofacitinib is effective in promoting hair growth for non-scarring alopecia.
4 citations,
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hydroxypinacolone retinoate is a potent anti-aging ingredient for skin that is more effective and less irritating than other forms of retinoids.
6 citations,
August 2015 in “Journal of Molecular Histology” Caspase-7 has functions in skin and hair that are not related to cell death.
11 citations,
January 1977 in “Archives of dermatological research” Mouse tail skin has different keratinization near hair follicles and scales.
148 citations,
October 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Mice without the vitamin D receptor are more prone to UV-induced skin tumors.
29 citations,
April 2020 in “Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine” The experiment showed that human skin grown in the lab started to form early hair structures when special cell clusters were added.
6 citations,
April 2022 in “Journal of diabetes research” Type 2 diabetes slows down skin and hair renewal by blocking important stem cell activation in mice.
67 citations,
July 2006 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Androgens cause skin issues like acne and hair growth in women, often due to PCOS, and can be treated with medication and lifestyle changes.
33 citations,
January 2017 in “Conservation physiology” Measuring reproductive hormones in brown bear hair could help identify their sex and reproductive state, but better collection methods or lab techniques are needed.
August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The endocannabinoid system affects oil production and inflammation in skin cells.
81 citations,
January 2006 in “Journal of cellular physiology” Mice without the vitamin D receptor gene lose hair due to disrupted hair follicle cycles.
126 citations,
October 1998 in “Experimental Dermatology” The hr gene is crucial for skin and hair health, with mutations causing hair disorders.
24 citations,
July 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Men with hair loss have more DNA changes in back-of-head hair follicles, possibly protecting them from thinning.
The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.
1 citations,
January 2021 in “Processes” Researchers successfully grew horse skin cells that produce pigment from hair follicle samples.
67 citations,
September 2003 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology” Skin problems are very common in people with end-stage kidney disease.
130 citations,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
8 citations,
May 1982 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Rat skin takes up and processes testosterone differently than other organs, with testosterone being more important for the skin than its metabolite 5α-DHT.