ADM Scaffolds Generate a Pro-Regenerative Microenvironment During Full-Thickness Cutaneous Wound Healing Through M2 Macrophage Polarization via Lamtor1

The 2018 study focused on the impact of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) scaffolds on full-thickness cutaneous wound healing, particularly through the modulation of the immune response. The researchers discovered that ADM scaffolds shifted the typical inflammatory response towards a regenerative one by promoting M2 macrophage polarization. This polarization was facilitated by the amino acid sufficiency signal from collagen degradation within the scaffolds, which activated the acid-sensing pathway involving v-ATPase, Lamtor1, and mTORC1. Lamtor1 was identified as a key protein for inducing M2 polarization in the presence of interleukin 4 (IL4). The study demonstrated that ADM scaffolds not only increased macrophage recruitment but also accelerated the polarization towards an M2 phenotype, which is known for its role in tissue repair and regeneration. The findings suggest that ADM scaffolds could be a beneficial approach for enhancing skin regeneration following injury by creating a pro-regenerative microenvironment. The number of mice used in the experiments was 5 for quantification of collagen fibers and vessel area, and the same number for the analysis of Vegfa expression.