Development and Progression of Alopecia in the Vitamin D Receptor Null Mouse

January 2006 in “ Journal of cellular physiology ”

Daniel D. Bikle, Hashem Elalieh, Sam K. C. Chang, Zhongjian Xie, John P. Sundberg

alopecia vitamin D receptor VDR hair follicle cycling catagen phase hairless gene Hr gene wildtype controls hair loss hair cycle catagen Hr

Studysummary This study found that the absence of the vitamin D receptor disrupts hair follicle structure during the first catagen in mice, linked to increased expression of the hairless gene.

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Research cited in this study

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research Hair Follicle Expression of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Receptors During the Murine Hair Cycle

95 citations , July 2006 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study observed that vitamin D receptor expression in certain hair follicle cells varies throughout the murine hair cycle, suggesting a potential role for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in hair follicle biology.

research Hairless Suppresses Vitamin D Receptor Transactivation in Human Keratinocytes

78 citations , November 2005 in “Endocrinology”

This study found that Hairless (Hr) acts as a corepressor of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in human keratinocytes, blocking the action of vitamin D on keratinocyte differentiation.

research Ligand-Independent Actions of the Vitamin D Receptor Maintain Hair Follicle Homeostasis

144 citations , December 2004 in “Molecular Endocrinology”

This study found that the effects of the vitamin D receptor on hair follicle cycling in mice are independent of its ability to bind a hormone, with specific domain mutations influencing hair regrowth outcomes.

research 25 Hydroxyvitamin D 1 Alpha-Hydroxylase Is Required for Optimal Epidermal Differentiation and Permeability Barrier Homeostasis

140 citations , April 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study found that mice lacking the 1αOHase enzyme, which is responsible for producing a key vitamin D metabolite, showed impaired epidermal differentiation and delayed recovery of skin barrier function after disruption.

research Physical And Functional Interaction Between The Vitamin D Receptor And Hairless Corepressor, Two Proteins Required For Hair Cycling

215 citations , September 2003 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

This study found that the hairless gene product (Hr) suppresses VDR-mediated gene activation by directly interacting with the vitamin D receptor, potentially affecting hair follicle function.

Targeted Expression of Human Vitamin D Receptor in the Skin Promotes the Initiation of the Postnatal Hair Follicle Cycle and Rescues Alopecia in Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice

research Targeted Expression of Human Vitamin D Receptor in the Skin Promotes the Initiation of the Postnatal Hair Follicle Cycle and Rescues Alopecia in Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice

57 citations , April 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study found that the vitamin D receptor is crucial for initiating the postnatal hair follicular cycle in mice, preventing alopecia associated with its inactivation.

research Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Hair Follicle Development

854 citations , February 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of hair follicle formation and discusses potential future clinical applications for treating hair loss and skin tumors, but it reports no new clinical results.

research Lack of the Vitamin D Receptor Is Associated with Reduced Epidermal Differentiation and Hair Follicle Growth

180 citations , January 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study observed that vitamin D receptor knockout mice exhibit impaired epidermal differentiation and progressive hair loss, suggesting the importance of the vitamin D receptor in normal skin and hair follicle development.

research Targeting Expression of the Human Vitamin D Receptor to the Keratinocytes of Vitamin D Receptor Null Mice Prevents Alopecia

115 citations , December 2001 in “Endocrinology”

This study found that restoring vitamin D receptor expression specifically in the keratinocytes of VDR null mice prevented alopecia and enhanced hair follicle response during anagen initiation.

research Atrichia Caused by Mutations in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene Is a Phenocopy of Generalized Atrichia Caused by Mutations in the Hairless Gene

139 citations , September 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This case report describes a patient with mutations in both alleles of the vitamin D receptor who exhibited hair loss clinically indistinguishable from generalized atrichia with papules, suggesting a potential genetic pathway shared with the hairless gene.

research Relation of Skin Polyamines to the Hairless Phenotype in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase

54 citations , May 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study suggests that increased putrescine levels may disrupt normal hair follicle development in transgenic mice, leading to hair loss and altered skin structure, yet these mice appear more resistant to skin tumorigenesis.

research Metabolic And Cellular Analysis Of Alopecia In Vitamin D Receptor Knockout Mice

137 citations , April 2001 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation”

This study found that alopecia in VDR-null mice persists despite undetectable vitamin D levels, indicating a defect in epithelial-mesenchymal communication due to the absence of ligand-independent receptor function.

research Skin Abnormalities Generated by Temporally Controlled RXRα Mutations in Mouse Epidermis

303 citations , October 2000 in “Nature”

This study found that RXRα plays a critical role in hair cycling and keratinocyte functions in mice, likely through its interaction with VDR in epidermal cells.

research Evaluation of Keratinocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in Vitamin D Receptor Knockout Mice

29 citations , June 2000 in “Endocrinology”

This study suggests that alopecia in vitamin D receptor null mice is due to impaired initiation of the hair cycle rather than defects in keratinocyte proliferation or differentiation.

research Ornithine Decarboxylase Transgenic Mice as a Model for Human Atrichia with Papular Lesions

20 citations , April 2000 in “Experimental dermatology”

This study observed that overexpression of the enzyme ODC in transgenic mice caused hair loss and skin changes similar to human papular atrichia, suggesting that ODC might be involved in a critical hair follicle function pathway.

research The Role of the Hairless (Hr) Gene in the Regulation of Hair Follicle Catagen Transformation

166 citations , July 1999 in “American Journal Of Pathology”

This study found that the loss of a functional hr gene in mice leads to premature and abnormal hair follicle regression, disrupting normal hair cycling and architecture.

research Normalization of Mineral Ion Homeostasis by Dietary Means Prevents Hyperparathyroidism, Rickets, and Osteomalacia, But Not Alopecia in Vitamin D Receptor-Ablated Mice

519 citations , October 1998 in “Endocrinology”

The study found that normalizing mineral ion levels in vitamin D receptor-ablated mice prevented hyperparathyroidism and bone disorders but did not address hair loss, indicating the VDR's role in hair growth.

research Molecular and Functional Aspects of the Hairless (Hr) Gene in Laboratory Rodents and Humans

126 citations , October 1998 in “Experimental Dermatology”

This review provides an overview of the hairless gene in mice and humans, discussing its structure, expression, and implications for understanding skin physiology and human disorders related to gene disruption, but it reports no new empirical findings.

research Alopecia Universalis Associated With a Mutation in the Human Hairless Gene

412 citations , January 1998 in “Science”

This study identified a missense mutation in the human hairless gene associated with a rare form of recessively inherited alopecia universalis, pinpointed on chromosome 8p12.

research Modulation of Murine Hair Follicle Function by Alterations in Ornithine Decarboxylase Activity

71 citations , May 1996 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that overexpression of a mutated ornithine decarboxylase transgene in mice led to complete hair loss, which could be prevented or reversed with an ODC inhibitor.

research Epithelial Growth by Rat Vibrissae Follicles In Vitro Requires Mesenchymal Contact via Native Extracellular Matrix

66 citations , August 1990 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Epithelial cell growth in rat hair follicles needs contact with mesenchymal cells through the extracellular matrix.

research Analysis of the Relation Between Alopecia and Resistance to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D

100 citations , October 1986 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

This study found that alopecia in hereditary resistance to 1,25(OH)2D may indicate a more severe form of the condition, associated with earlier diagnosis and different responses to calciferol therapy.

research Calcitriol-Resistant Rickets With Alopecia

11 citations , May 1985 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This study found that calcitriol-resistant rickets is associated with alopecia in children and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hair loss.