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Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Early diagnosis and treatment, using finasteride, minoxidil, or hair transplantation, improves hair loss outcomes.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.

Hair follicle dermal stem cells are key for regenerating parts of the hair follicle and determining hair type.

Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

Male hormones, particularly DHT, are linked to male pattern hair loss, and treatments like finasteride can help, but they don't work for postmenopausal women's hair loss, which may have different causes.

Stress-related substance P may lead to hair loss and negatively affect hair growth.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

Stem cell self-renewal is complex and needs more research for full understanding.

The document concludes that more research is needed to better understand and treat primary cicatricial alopecias, and suggests a possible reclassification based on molecular pathways.

The dermal papilla is crucial for hair growth and health, and understanding it could lead to new hair loss treatments.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

Microneedles improve drug delivery in various body parts, are safe and painless, and show promise in cosmetology, vaccination, insulin delivery, and other medical applications.

Liposomes improve drug delivery and reduce skin irritation in dermatology.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

Stem cell therapy, particularly using certain types of cells, shows promise for treating hair loss by stimulating hair growth and development, but more extensive trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Tofacitinib may help treat severe hair loss, but more research is needed.

Flutamide effectively reduced excessive hair growth and improved related symptoms in hirsutism patients without significant side effects.

Prolactin contributes to hair loss by promoting hair follicle shrinkage and cell death.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Finasteride effectively treats baldness but may cause sexual side effects.

Hibiscus plant extracts may have health benefits like lowering blood pressure and protecting the heart.

Potassium channel openers could help treat cardiovascular diseases and asthma but require better targeting to specific tissues for effective use.