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The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

About 19.4% of Iranian women in the study have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, with the most common type involving irregular periods and high male hormone levels, but their heart and metabolic health is similar to women without the condition.

New genetic mutations linked to rare skin disorders were found in three newborns.

The HtrA1L364P mutation causes brain dysfunction and blood vessel damage.

A specific gene variant causes severe skin issues and increases infection risk, requiring careful medical monitoring.

Identical twins had different symptoms because one had more cells with an extra chromosome fragment in different tissues.

A new mutation in the CDH3 gene causes hair loss and vision problems in a young girl.

RSPO1 mutations in certain patients lead to skin cells that don't develop properly and are more likely to become invasive, increasing the risk of skin cancer.

High uric acid levels are more common in PCOS patients, especially those with androgenic PCOS, and are linked with increased cardiovascular risk and other metabolic issues.

Hormone testing may not be very helpful in diagnosing female pattern hair loss.

Genetic variants can affect valproic acid's effectiveness, side effects, and levels in epilepsy treatment.

Auriculotherapy and Aslagh capsules are as effective as metformin for treating PCOS symptoms, with auriculotherapy slightly better for reducing hair growth.

Pregnant women with PCOS have higher levels of Neurokinin B in the placenta, especially with female babies.

An 8-year-old Saudi boy was diagnosed with a rare genetic disorder causing hair loss, skin issues, and light sensitivity.

Rare genetic variants in five specific genes are linked to male-pattern hair loss but only account for a small part of the risk.

Different genes cause Female Pattern Hair Loss compared to male hair loss, and treatments vary, but more research is needed to understand it fully.

Hair follicle sampling is a practical method for measuring biomarkers in children with and without Fragile X syndrome.

The paper reviews acne treatments for women with PCOS but doesn't give specific advice.

Cantú syndrome is caused by mutations in the ABCC9 gene.

Women with PCOS have more severe liver disease.

RXRα is crucial for proper immune response and links diet to immune function.

Diabetes causes lasting cell dysfunctions, leading to serious complications even after blood sugar is controlled.

IL-3 worsens lupus nephritis and blocking it improves kidney health.

The conclusion is that genetic testing is important for diagnosing and treating various genetic hair disorders.

Treating hair loss in both men and women is effective and improves quality of life.

Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, and requires early treatment to manage these risks.

New information suggests that metformin might help more women with PCOS and infertility, not just those with glucose issues.

Melasma's causes include genetics, sun exposure, hormones, and oxidative stress, and understanding these can help create better treatments.

Early diagnosis of Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 is crucial for treatment and was achieved through clinical examination and family history.

Researchers identified five new potential targets for leishmaniasis treatment, suggesting repurposing existing drugs could be effective.