November 2019 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” This article discusses the historic use of oral minoxidil for severe hypertension and the subsequent development of a topical formulation for treating pattern hair loss, but reports no new results.
August 2025 in “Macromolecular Bioscience” This study found that microneedles co-delivering minoxidil and a nitric oxide donor effectively promoted hair growth and follicle transition to the growth phase in an alopecia mouse model, suggesting a promising new approach for androgenetic alopecia treatment.
2 citations
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May 2022 in “Advanced therapeutics” This study reported that a novel vasodilator drug called TOP-M119, when delivered using a specially designed dissolving microneedle system, showed enhanced targeting of hair follicles and effectiveness in treating alopecia, demonstrated through in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies involving mouse skin.
1 citations
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November 2014 in “Thérapie” This article suggests using nicotinamide and minoxidil as potassium channel activators to target solid tumors, but reports no new clinical results and calls for further research.
This case report details a 61-year-old man's overdose on oral minoxidil, resulting in systemic side effects like hypotension and edema, which resolved without intervention; similar symptoms were observed in 14 other patients after minoxidil ingestion.
21 citations
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October 1978 in “The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” February 2023 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” This review explores the potential of topical minoxidil as a treatment for erectile dysfunction, indicating that while a mild erectile response was observed, evidence remains insufficient for confirmation.
23 citations
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June 2017 in “Rejuvenation Research” In this study, minoxidil treatment in aged mice increased elastin expression and improved aortic structure and function, suggesting its potential for arterial remodeling in aging.
November 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This study reported that Moracin M, a compound from the Moraceae family, significantly promoted hair growth and vascular regeneration by enhancing cell proliferation and Wnt signaling activation in laboratory settings, suggesting it may offer a promising alternative to existing hair growth treatments like minoxidil.
September 2025 in “Journal of Veterinary Cardiology” This study observed that a 13-month-old cat experienced transient myocardial thickening and congestive heart failure episodes likely due to minoxidil intoxication, coinciding with contact with a family member using the drug, suggesting environmental exposure may trigger cardiac events in pets.
April 2026 in “Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences” In this study using a mouse model, researchers observed that topical nifedipine cream at 0.3% concentration promoted hair growth more effectively than 2% minoxidil solution, suggesting that nifedipine may have potential as a hair growth treatment.
June 2025 in “ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering” In this study, researchers developed a new microneedle patch delivery system for minoxidil, which enhanced its controlled release and improved hair growth in mice, potentially offering better treatment outcomes for androgenetic alopecia.
3 citations
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October 2019 in “EMBO molecular medicine” This study reports that the nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 (NCoR1) inhibits cardiac hypertrophy by stabilizing the MEF2 and class II HDACs complex, potentially offering a target for new therapies.
December 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that oral minoxidil was more likely to be associated with pericardial effusion compared to other adverse effects, with the relationship appearing dose independent.
March 2025 in “International Journal of Trichology” This study reports that low-dose oral minoxidil is generally well tolerated from a cardiovascular perspective, and serious side effects like pericardial effusion are associated with higher doses and pre-existing conditions.
38 citations
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January 1993 in “PubMed” This article discusses the impact of minoxidil on legitimizing scientific research in common baldness and reports no new clinical findings.
6 citations
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September 2012 in “Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” This study found that prolonged topical application of minoxidil significantly increased skin flap survival in rats by promoting angiogenesis compared to shorter application or a saline control.
28 citations
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March 2017 in “Scientific Reports” This study found that minoxidil may protect against chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and potentially support hair recovery and tumor suppression in mouse models.
22 citations
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December 2017 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that millimolar concentrations of minoxidil in the skin induced VEGF production through HIF-1 stabilization by inhibiting PHD-2, implying a molecular mechanism for hair growth promotion.
April 2024 in “Nano research” This study on androgenetic alopecia in mice introduced a novel therapy combining microneedle patches and cold atmospheric plasma to enhance minoxidil delivery, leading to improved hair regeneration by boosting vascular growth and reshaping the hair follicle microenvironment.
1 citations
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April 2025 in “Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology” This study indicates that central serous chorioretinopathy linked to topical minoxidil use is rare, suggesting the need for early detection and discontinuation if it occurs.
Finasteride may reduce heart damage in rats.
1 citations
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January 2025 in “World Journal of Emergency Medicine” This case report highlights a 37-year-old male who developed coronary vasospasm, resembling Prinzmetal angina, shortly after starting oral minoxidil for hair loss, emphasizing the need to consider drug-induced vasospasm in chest pain assessments even when coronary artery disease is absent.
45 citations
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October 1988 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” This study found that topical minoxidil increased heart rate and had significant effects on cardiac volumes and mass compared to placebo, but its long-term safety remains uncertain.
16 citations
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December 2011 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” This review discusses the current understanding of propranolol's use in treating infantile hemangiomas, covering its indications, effectiveness, side effects, and ongoing clinical trials, without presenting new clinical results.
22 citations
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January 1985 in “Annals of Internal Medicine” Minoxidil in breast milk may harm nursing infants.
June 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” This study found that a novel bioengineered microneedle patch successfully delivered minoxidil to induce hair growth in a mouse model, suggesting a promising approach to improve treatment for androgenetic alopecia.
March 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Lower doses of oral minoxidil can promote hair growth without major heart risks.
66 citations
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September 1982 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” This study identified a sulfotransferase activity in rat liver that catalyzes the sulfation of minoxidil, contributing to its delayed hypotensive effects.
September 2022 in “JAAD Case Reports” This case report discusses rare but serious cardiac complications, including pericarditis and edema, observed with low-dose oral minoxidil for hair loss, highlighting the need for cautious prescribing, especially in high-risk patients.