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The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

New injectable hydrogels with gelatin, metal, and tea polyphenols help heal diabetic wounds faster by controlling infection, improving blood vessel growth, and managing oxidative stress.

Hormone imbalances can cause skin diseases, and understanding these links is important for diagnosis and treatment.

Plant-based chemicals may help hair growth and prevent hair loss but need more research to compete with current treatments.

Plant-based remedies may treat hair loss by reducing inflammation and improving insulin resistance.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Neurosteroids change how GABA_A receptors work in the brain, which could be important for treating temporal lobe epilepsy.

No single biomarker is reliable enough for diagnosing and assessing SLE.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Modified HDL can better deliver drugs and genes, potentially improving treatments and reducing side effects.

Steroid sulfatase is important for activating hormones that affect memory, brain function, and certain diseases, and could be a target for treating hormone-related disorders.

Men are more likely to get infectious skin diseases, while women are more prone to autoimmune and pigment-related skin conditions, influenced by biological and environmental factors.

Oxidative stress and immune dysfunction are linked to both Hashimoto's thyroiditis and polycystic ovary syndrome, with diet and specific treatments important for managing these conditions.

The document concludes that hair is complex, with a detailed growth cycle, structure, and clinical importance, affecting various scientific and medical fields.

Antibody treatments show promise for hair loss but need more research.

Mast cells and CD8 T cells interact closely in skin diseases, affecting each other's behavior and contributing to conditions like psoriasis and eczema.

GALT5 and GALT2 are important for plant growth and development because they help with protein glycosylation.

The document concludes that while there are promising methods to control CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, more research is needed to overcome challenges related to safety and effectiveness for clinical use.

Citrullinated proteins from Porphyromonas gingivalis may contribute to rheumatoid arthritis.

TGF-alpha is present in sheep and ferret skin and may affect hair growth without directly stimulating cell proliferation.

Minoxidil treats hair loss, promotes growth, has side effects, and has recent patents.

Vitamin D is crucial for skin health and managing skin diseases.

Parathyroid hormones are important for hair growth, but their use in treating hair loss from chemotherapy is still uncertain.

Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.

Innovative methods are reducing animal testing and improving biomedical research.

Finasteride may affect PNMT, causing side effects.

Polydopamine is a safe, effective, and permanent hair dye that turns gray hair black in one hour.

A topical BRAF inhibitor, vemurafenib, can speed up wound healing and promote hair growth, especially in diabetic patients.

The research identified and described a gene important for hormone conversion in endangered catfish, which varies in activity during different reproductive stages and after hormone treatment.