The Human Hair: From Anatomy to Physiology

    Barbara Buffoli, Fabio Rinaldi, Mauro Labanca, Elisabetta Sorbellini, Anna Trink, Elena Guanziroli, Rita Rezzani, Luigi Fabrizio Rodella
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    TLDR The document concludes that hair is complex, with a detailed growth cycle, structure, and clinical importance, affecting various scientific and medical fields.
    The 2013 document is a review that provides an extensive summary of human hair's anatomy, physiology, and clinical significance. It explains the hair growth cycle, which consists of anagen, catagen, telogen, and exogen phases, and the role of follicular stem cells and cell interactions in this process. The review discusses the molecular structure of hair, particularly the importance of alpha-keratin and keratin-associated proteins, and the concept of immune privilege in hair follicles, which is relevant to disorders like alopecia areata. Hair is classified based on various characteristics, including its response to hormones. The review also examines the growth patterns, structure, and clinical implications of different types of hair, such as scalp, pubic, axillary, and phalangeal hair. It notes the influence of neurohormones on hair growth and pathology, the effects of aging on hair, and the diagnostic uses of hair for testing substances like drugs or metals. The document underscores the importance of hair research in multiple scientific and medical disciplines.
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