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New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

Inhibiting 5α-reductase can help reduce prostate cancer risk and improve treatment.

Skin-derived precursors in hair follicles come from different origins but function similarly.

Thymus transplantation successfully restored immune function in infants with FOXN1 deficiency.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

Hair follicles are hormone-sensitive and involved in growth and other functions, with potential for new treatments, but more research is needed.

The document concludes that adult mammalian skin contains multiple stem cell populations with specific markers, important for understanding skin regeneration and related conditions.

Mutations in the PADI3 gene are linked to a higher risk of scarring hair loss in women of African descent.

Hair follicles greatly increase caffeine absorption through the skin shortly after it's applied.

Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.

Growth factors are crucial for hair development and could help treat hair diseases.

Mice studies show that Protein Phosphatase 2A is crucial for cell growth, development, and disease prevention.

Six new genetic regions linked to early hair loss also connect to Parkinson's disease and prostate cancer, possibly leading to new treatments.

The Foxn1 gene mutation causes hairlessness and immune system issues, and understanding it could lead to hair growth disorder treatments.

The article concludes that better understanding gene regulation related to seasonal changes can offer insights into the mechanisms of seasonal timing in mammals.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

5α-reductase inhibitors can cause sexual problems, higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer, and depression.

Targeting the skin's endocannabinoid system could help treat skin disorders.

Cells in hair follicles help create fat cells in the skin by releasing a protein called Sonic Hedgehog.

S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.

Blue light promotes hair growth by interacting with specific receptors in hair follicles.

Topical drugs and near-infrared light therapy show potential for treating alopecia.

The FOXN1 gene is crucial for developing immune cells and preventing immune disorders.

Red ginseng may improve immunity, fatigue, memory, blood circulation, and menopausal symptoms, and is generally safe to consume.

Hedgehog signaling helps keep hair follicle stem cells the same in both young and old human skin.

There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.

EdnrB signaling helps melanocyte stem cells regenerate and could be targeted to treat pigmentation issues.