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Smad-4 and Smad-7 are key in hair follicle development, with other Smads being less important.

Wnt, Eda, and Shh pathways are crucial for different stages of sweat gland development in mice.

Wnt signaling is important for development and cell regulation but can cause diseases like cancer when not working properly.

Natural 5α-reduced glucocorticoids might be anti-inflammatory with fewer side effects than current options.

Prolactin may be important for skin growth and immune function.

New treatments for a chronic skin condition show promise, but individualized plans are crucial due to varying responses.

Hormone treatments can help with women's skin and hair disorders, but they need careful monitoring and more research.

An 81-year-old woman's severe male hormone symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which was treated with surgery.

Lack or blocking of SRD5a, a key component in hormone creation, can lead to conditions like pseudohermaphrodism and affect hair growth, bone mass, muscle strength, and reproductive health. More research is needed on its regulation from fertilization to adulthood.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) doesn't affect rat skin cell growth, but it does change cell cycle, protein levels, and other cell functions, potentially shortening hair growth cycle.

Human scalp hair follicles can be used to study how prolactin affects hair growth and cell death.

Low-dose anti-androgen drugs and certain drug combinations are effective for hirsutism, and insulin sensitizers show promise, especially for those with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

We need better ways to test and understand SARMs to make safer and more effective treatments.

Finasteride may cause kidney damage.

The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.

Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.

Certain gene patterns in breast cancer are linked to how active hormone receptors are and could affect patient survival.

As sheep age, their hair fibers and follicles grow larger and more organized, with no significant differences between males and females.

The dog's skin condition improved after removing a tumor that was causing hormone imbalances.

Different drugs are used to manage breeding, prevent or end pregnancy, and treat reproductive issues in dogs and cats.

Proper care and diet are crucial to prevent health issues in gerbils.

Many adult women experience unexplained excessive hair shedding, often starting before age 40.

Mice treatments didn't grow hair, a patient treatment may affect immune response, and people with hair loss often feel anxious or depressed.

The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.

VEGF helps hair grow and determines follicle size by increasing blood vessel growth.

Fat-related cells are important for initiating hair growth.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.