A Signature of Genes Including FGF11 Reveals Aberrant Fibroblast Activation and Immune Infiltration in Keloid Tissue

This study investigates the pathogenesis of keloid, a skin disorder characterized by excessive collagen and extracellular matrix deposition, by analyzing gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The research identifies a signature of six genes, including FGF11, that distinguishes keloid tissue from normal fibroblasts and scars. These genes are differentially expressed in keloid samples and respond differently to hydrocortisone treatment. The presence of FGF11 is particularly associated with dysregulated fibroblast activation and varying levels of immune cell infiltration, highlighting the immunologic nature of keloids. The findings suggest that aberrant fibroblast activity is a key factor in keloid formation and point to the importance of further research into the immune characteristics of keloids.