January 2008 in “农业科学与技术(英文版)” In this study, estradiol at higher concentrations inhibited the growth of cashmere goat hair follicles, suggesting a dose-dependent effect on follicle morphology and growth.
January 1989 in “Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)” This study found that spironolactone effectively reduced hair growth in hirsute women over 12 months and was generally well tolerated.
21 citations
,
January 2012 in “Annals of Dermatology” This study reported that Ell-Cranell® alpha 0.025% solution significantly increased hair counts and diameter in Korean women with female pattern hair loss over an 8-month period, showing both efficacy and safety.
5 citations
,
January 1984 in “Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynecology/Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology” This study found that treatment with cyproterone acetate and ethinylestradiol in hirsute women reduced testosterone and androstenedione levels, decreased hair growth, and increased cortisol levels without changing catecholamine excretion.
September 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Norplant implants lower some androgen levels but don't significantly change sexual function.
71 citations
,
February 2000 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” This study found that topical estradiol inhibits hair growth in mice by preventing the hair follicle's transition from resting to growth phase, a process reversible with an estrogen receptor antagonist.
39 citations
,
August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” This study found that both finasteride and a regimen of cyproterone acetate plus ethinyl estradiol effectively reduced hirsutism in women, with similar results despite differing hormonal effects.
January 2007 in “Zhōnghuá yàoxué zázhì” This study concluded that two exemestane preparations are bioequivalent, using a high-performance liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric method to measure concentrations in human plasma.
83 citations
,
December 2012 in “International journal of endocrinology and metabolism/International journal of endocrinology and metabolism.” This article reviews the diverse clinical applications of oral contraceptives beyond birth control, suggesting their effectiveness in treating various female health disorders and conditions.
46 citations
,
January 2000 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”
23 citations
,
October 2015 in “Andrology” This review discusses the physiological basis, history, and current development of male hormonal contraception, highlighting its potential risks and benefits, but reports no new research findings.
January 2007 in “Inpharma Weekly” Dutasteride is more effective for male pattern baldness than finasteride, and black cohosh extract BNO 1055 is as effective as conjugated estrogens in treating postmenopausal symptoms, with added benefits in reducing sweating and mental symptoms.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Journal of quality in health care & economics” This study found that while Sudanese women had good awareness of hormonal contraceptives, they lacked knowledge about emergency contraceptives and non-family planning benefits, with side effects like hair loss influencing their attitudes.
4 citations
,
December 1994 in “PubMed” This study found that treatment with cyproterone acetate and estradiol improved emotional well-being and acceptance of being viewed among women with hirsutism, with no significant differences between oral and transdermal estradiol groups.
September 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” In this study, overweight women with polycystic ovarian syndrome who took evening primrose oil for 10 weeks experienced significant reductions in BMI, LDL, and total cholesterol levels, alongside hormonal changes such as decreased LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, and increased estrogen.
August 2021 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article discusses the androgenicity of progestins used in hormonal contraceptives and its potential impact on female pattern hair loss, but reports no new clinical findings.
23 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that flutamide, finasteride, ketoconazole, and EE-CPA all significantly reduced hirsutism scores, hair diameter, and hair growth rate in women with hirsutism over 12 months.
36 citations
,
May 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treatment with a hormone agonist can reduce excess male hormones in postmenopausal women without surgery.
1 citations
,
May 2019 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This case report describes two women experiencing hormonally associated vestibulodynia and female arousal disorder, potentially linked to the use of spironolactone for androgen-mediated cutaneous disorders.
2 citations
,
January 1966 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” This study observed that thyroid and hormone treatments did not resolve postpartum alopecia in a small patient group, and most cases may naturally revert to normal.
October 2007 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” The researchers reported that low-dose methotrexate, in combination with surgical dilatation and local treatments, may improve symptoms in patients with severe stenosing vulvovaginal lichen planus.
7 citations
,
March 2011 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” This review discusses the efficacy and safety of exemestane as a treatment for estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer and reports no new clinical results.
44 citations
,
June 1985 in “Fertility and sterility” This study suggests that combination drug therapy with spironolactone and either oral contraceptives or dexamethasone effectively manages unresponsive hirsutism, with eight of nine patients achieving satisfactory clinical responses.
September 2024 in “Polish Journal of Public Health” The researchers reported finding 53 therapeutic and skincare products for hirsutism and hypertrichosis in Polish pharmacies and drugstores, identifying dienogest and cyproterone acetate as common active ingredients for hirsutism. They noted promising new treatments include eflornithine, acyclovir, licorice, and vitamin D.
3 citations
,
July 2009 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” In this study, Buserelin nasal spray significantly reduced hirsutism scores and suppressed ovarian steroid secretion in women with non-adrenal hirsutism over six months, with effects lasting post-treatment.
October 2025 in “Saúde (Santa Maria)” This review reported that spironolactone, used off-label, is an effective and safe treatment option for adult women with acne, presenting fewer adverse reactions compared to common treatments like antimicrobials, which carry the risk of microbial resistance.
12 citations
,
April 1987 in “PubMed” In this study, low-dose spironolactone effectively reduced hirsutism in women and stopped hair loss in one woman with alopecia areata, without significant side effects over 12 menstrual cycles.
February 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Estrogen is not recommended for menopausal hair loss due to insufficient evidence.
4 citations
,
December 2021 in “Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine” This study found that women with PCOS who had a higher serum estrone-to-estradiol ratio were more likely to exhibit higher fasting insulin and postprandial glucose levels, even after adjusting for BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.
4 citations
,
January 1991 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” This study found that GnRH-A treatment significantly reduced hirsuties scores in women with mild idiopathic hirsuties but did not affect hair growth rate or diameter.