March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery” Human skin has multiple layers and functions, with key roles in protection, temperature control, and appearance.
68 citations,
August 2014 in “PeerJ” Human hair proteins vary by individual, body site, and ethnicity, useful for forensics.
Cornification is the process where living skin cells die to create a protective barrier, and problems with it can cause skin diseases.
11 citations,
February 2018 in “Amino acids” Copper and iron cause keratin damage in hair by converting methionine to homocysteine.
253 citations,
March 1994 in “Developmental dynamics” Apoptosis is essential for human skin development and forming a functional epidermis.
25 citations,
May 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Researchers found a new gene, hacl-1, that is active in mouse hair follicles during hair growth and may be important for hair biology.
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Keratin proteins are crucial for hair structure and strength.
117 citations,
November 2006 in “Experimental Dermatology” The article concludes that the wool follicle is a valuable model for studying tissue interactions and has potential for genetic improvements in wool production.
40 citations,
January 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks” The skin is the largest organ, protecting the body, regulating temperature, and producing hormones.
14 citations,
January 2012 in “Proteins” Electrostatic interactions mainly stabilize the binding of peptides to hair keratin.
124 citations,
November 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” PAD3 plays a key role in hair and skin protein structure and may be linked to skin diseases.
138 citations,
June 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Involucrin gene expression is controlled by specific proteins and signaling pathways.
February 2024 in “Epigenomes” Epigenetic mechanisms control skin development by regulating gene expression.
10 citations,
January 2010 in “International journal of trichology” Keratin-associated proteins are part of the developing hair fiber cuticle.
19 citations,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
1 citations,
January 2013 in “Chronicles of young scientists” Immuno-cosmeceuticals from chicken egg yolk can effectively repair and improve damaged hair.
May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair's strength, especially when wet.
105 citations,
February 1996 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” The TGM3 gene's promoter region is key for skin and hair cell function and may aid gene therapy.
13 citations,
September 2012 in “Cell & tissue research/Cell and tissue research” pCLCA2 protein may help maintain skin structure and function.
356 citations,
December 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.
87 citations,
July 2009 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Human beard hair medulla contains a unique and complex mix of keratins not found in other human tissues.
15 citations,
February 1999 in “The anatomical record” Some mutant mice have hair with abnormal cross-linking, mainly in the cuticle, not affecting other hair parts.
February 1999 in “The anatomical record” Two mouse mutants have defective hair cuticle cross-linking.
17 citations,
February 2015 in “Cell Death and Disease” Inhibiting AP1 in mice skin causes structural changes and weakens the skin barrier.
12 citations,
July 2016 in “Forensic science international” The research found that postmortem root bands in hair are likely caused by the breakdown of a specific part of the hair's inner structure after death.
5 citations,
September 2018 in “International journal of genomics” Genetic mutations that disrupt homocysteine breakdown lead to increased damage in mouse hair keratin.
11 citations,
November 1998 in “Journal of dermatological science” Knocking out certain genes in mice helps understand skin and hair growth problems.
45 citations,
February 2005 in “Steroids” Four new compounds were more effective than finasteride in treating prostate issues and hair loss, with one being 100 times more active and safe for use.
260 citations,
June 2011 in “Cell” Wnt signaling is crucial for pigmented hair regeneration by controlling stem cell activation and differentiation.
46 citations,
June 2013 in “Journal of structural biology” High glycine–tyrosine keratin-associated proteins help make hair strong and maintain its shape.