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This study found that MEG3-miRNAs are key regulators of the age-dependent crimped wool trait in Tan sheep, likely influencing primary follicle development and degeneration through immune-inflammatory pathways.

This study found that tumor immunotherapy, while effective against solid tumors, can disrupt the immune balance in hair follicles, causing follicular toxicity and alopecia, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to manage these adverse effects.

This narrative review explores existing evidence on zinc's impact in certain immune-related, gastrointestinal, dermatological, and metabolic disorders, considering clinical and observational studies to assess zinc supplementation's clinical relevance.

This study found that human γδTregs promoted hair regrowth and restored hair follicle immune privilege in a model of alopecia areata, suggesting potential for cell-based therapy in autoimmune diseases.

This review highlights how chronic inflammatory skin disorders like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis may be better understood as manifestations of systemic immune dysregulation rather than just skin issues, suggesting that recognizing these conditions as markers of broader immune imbalance can improve diagnosis and medical education.

This review highlights that disturbances in neuroimmune communication, particularly between sympathetic nerves and macrophages, may contribute to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes, and suggests potential therapeutic avenues by restoring this communication in preclinical and early clinical studies.

In this review, summarized findings suggest that emerging targeted immunotherapies may offer promising treatment options for alopecia areata by addressing the breakdown of hair follicle immune privilege.

This review explores advancements in bioprinting technologies for developing in vitro skin models that replicate immune-mediated skin diseases, highlighting their potential to reduce animal testing and enhance research and product testing capabilities in dermatology.

This study reviewed evidence on biologic drugs targeting immune cells for alopecia areata, finding mixed results: some achieved case-level hair regrowth, but controlled trials often showed limited efficacy.

In this study, researchers found that a cold atmospheric plasma-activated hydrogel containing interleukin-2 significantly enhanced hair regeneration in a depilated mouse model, promoting larger hair follicles and faster hair growth phase transition, suggesting it as a potential treatment for hair loss.

This review discusses how urban air pollutants may influence the regulation of JAK3 signaling in alopecia areata and reports no new experimental results; the authors integrate existing data to map potential pathways and biomarkers.

This review explores the immunopharmacological potential of A. lappa for inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders (IMSDs) but reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the need for standardized research methodologies.

This study suggests that macrophages, particularly CD206⁺ macrophages, play a crucial role in squaric acid dibutylester-induced hair growth in alopecia areata treatment.

This study found that a single instance of acute skin stretching can enhance immune surveillance and improve vaccine delivery by increasing skin permeability and promoting immune cell recruitment without causing tissue damage.

This study conducted a scoping review and meta-analysis revealing a complex chemokine profile in alopecia areata patients, with elevated Th1, Th2, and other immune pathway chemokines, suggesting broader immunomodulatory strategies may help address the disease's multifaceted immune dysregulation.

In this scoping review and meta-analysis, researchers found that patients with alopecia areata show a complex serum chemokine profile, predominantly involving Th1- and Th2-associated chemokines, suggesting that broader immunomodulatory strategies might address the diverse immune dysregulation observed in the disease.

In this scoping review and meta-analysis, researchers found that patients with alopecia areata exhibit complex chemokine profiles, with elevated levels of Th1, Th2, and other immune pathway-associated chemokines, suggesting the potential for broad immunomodulatory strategies to address the disease's immune dysregulation.

Ritlecitinib may help treat alopecia areata by protecting hair follicles.

Immune system changes may contribute to female pattern hair loss.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata, particularly those with severe cases, exhibit significant systemic immune dysregulation, including altered cell communication networks and epigenetic remodeling in immune cells, suggesting potential pathways for therapeutic targeting.

This review indicates that mesenchymal stem cell therapy may offer clinical improvements for immune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases, showing promise particularly for those unresponsive to traditional treatments, but emphasizes the need for larger, controlled trials to confirm these results.

This study reviewed therapies for alopecia areata and suggests that Janus kinase inhibitors, such as baricitinib and upadacitinib, show promise in treating both alopecia areata and associated immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

In this case study, a nine-year-old boy with alopecia universalis following severe chickenpox showed complete hair regrowth after treatment with tofacitinib, suggesting the drug's potential in managing varicella-zoster virus-induced alopecia by modulating immune responses.

This study found that immune privilege is preserved in hair follicles of nonsegmental vitiligo patients compared to those with alopecia areata, potentially protecting follicular melanocytes from autoimmune attacks.

In this report, oral baricitinib improved both alopecia areata and immune thrombocytopenia in a 56-year-old patient, suggesting a potential dual benefit for these conditions, although regular platelet monitoring and hematology consultation are recommended.

In this study, a nanoparticle system codelivering diphenylcyclopropenone and rapamycin successfully induced immune tolerance and promoted hair regrowth in a mouse model of alopecia areata, offering a promising new therapeutic strategy for this autoimmune condition.

In this study, plasmatherapy was found to improve immune status indicators in patients with vitiligo, particularly benefiting those with segmental vitiligo by normalizing immune markers and reducing IL-6 levels, suggesting its potential as an adjunct treatment to slow depigmentation progression.

This review highlights the potential of combining immune regulation, phototherapy, and dietary strategies for effective vitiligo treatment, but emphasizes that more research is needed.

Alopecia areata is linked to immune system differences, with specific biomarkers like CXCL9 and CXCL10 being key for diagnosis and potential treatment targets.