Unraveling Vitiligo: From Immune Mechanisms to Promising Therapeutic Strategies

    December 2024 in “ Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan ”
    Artur Kovenskiy, Nurlubek Katkenov, Zhussipbek Mukatayev, Аlmagul Kushugulova
    Image of study
    TLDR Vitiligo treatments include JAK inhibitors, UVB phototherapy, and dietary changes, with emotional support being important.
    Vitiligo, affecting 1% of the global population, is characterized by skin depigmentation due to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in melanocytes. The condition is linked to genetic factors and autoimmune diseases, with CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ signaling playing key roles in its progression. Promising treatments include JAK inhibitors and narrowband UVB phototherapy, while surgical options like punch and suction blister grafting are effective but risky. Emotional support is crucial for patients, and dietary interventions, particularly antioxidants and vitamin D, may aid treatment. The review emphasizes the need for further research on therapies combining immune regulation, phototherapy, and diet.
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