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This study found that patients with alopecia areata had significantly higher serum levels of IL-1α compared to healthy controls, with no significant difference observed in IL-1β levels.

This study found that in pregnant rats, the suppression of ACTH responses to IL-1β is linked to the action of endogenous opioids and AP, with AP potentially inducing opioid inhibition through increased pENK-A expression.

This study suggests that low-dose IL-2 and IL-15 may help restore immune tolerance in alopecia areata by maintaining Treg cell function, presenting a potential new treatment strategy.

This study explored IL-17D's role in skin biology and found no significant difference in disease progression between IL-17D KO and WT mice in skin inflammation models, but IL-17D did promote cell migration and modestly accelerated wound healing, suggesting it may influence tissue repair processes.

This narrative review reports that IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors, while effective for psoriasis and other inflammatory diseases, can cause a variety of skin reactions that resemble primary dermatoses, highlighting the need for careful diagnosis and varied management strategies.

This review synthesizes cases of biopsy-confirmed alopecia areata occurring in patients using IL-17 or IL-23 inhibitors, suggesting the need for increased awareness and further investigation into this rare adverse event.

IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors may cause hair loss.

This study found that Myrtus communis leaf extract significantly decreased IL-1α and increased VEGF gene expressions in human keratinocytes, which may relate to the plant's traditional uses for hair loss and wound healing, though further research is needed to explore these effects.

In this study, Myrtus communis leaf extract significantly reduced IL-1α expression and increased VEGF expression in human keratinocytes, which the researchers suggest may be linked to its traditional use in treating hair loss and wound healing. Further investigation is needed to clarify its mechanisms.

In this study, exposure to Myrtus communis leaf extract significantly reduced IL-1α expression and increased VEGF expression in human keratinocytes, which may relate to its traditional use for hair loss and wound healing; further research is necessary to understand its mechanisms.

This study found that hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cell exosomes increased GM-CSF and decreased IL-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner in a murine model, suggesting potential for treating androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that exosomes derived from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells modulated inflammatory biomarkers by decreasing CXCL12 and increasing IL-10 expression in a DHT-induced androgenic alopecia mouse model, indicating potential for treating hair loss through immunoregulation.

In this study, Exosome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells significantly reduced inflammation and promoted hair follicle regeneration by normalizing IL-1Beta and IGF-1 levels in fluconazole-induced alopecia-like Wistar rats.

This study reported a significant upregulation of VEGF, which may help explain the beneficial effects of Ro on wound healing and hair loss, although further in-vitro and in-vivo studies are needed to better understand its molecular mechanisms and potential applications for skin disorders.

This study found that in patients with Alopecia Areata, CD27 and IL-35 levels were significantly higher in those with bacterial infections, suggesting they may be useful as immunological biomarkers.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata had higher serum levels of interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 compared to healthy controls, suggesting these cytokines may play a role in the disease's pathophysiology.

The study conducted at Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital found that patients with alopecia areata exhibited significantly higher serum levels of interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 compared to healthy controls, suggesting these cytokines might play a role in the disease's pathophysiology.

In this study using mouse models, researchers found that elevated IL-17a in aged olfactory epithelium impairs olfactory function, while IL-17a inhibition promotes regeneration and mitigates age-related decline.

This study suggests that elevated levels of IL-17A and IL-23 in alopecia areata may play roles in disease severity and activity, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets.

In this animal study, AGO (agomelatine) effectively alleviated testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, indicating its potential as a therapeutic option for managing BPH through specific signaling pathways.

This study found that the Bioengineered Exosomal Hair Growth Factors Complex (BEHC™) enhanced human follicle dermal papilla cell proliferation and reduced inflammatory markers in vitro, while significantly decreasing hair shedding and increasing hair density among participants with androgenetic alopecia in an open-label clinical study.

In a murine model of alopecia areata, this study observed that the IL-2 fusion protein HCW9302 helped prevent disease development by expanding regulatory T cells and reducing disease-causing effector T cell infiltrates, suggesting potential for using IL-2 fusion proteins in alopecia areata treatment.

Ritlecitinib may help treat alopecia areata by protecting hair follicles.

This study suggests that Breezula® and Minoxidil both enhance hair growth in male pattern hair loss by promoting keratinocyte proliferation, with Breezula® potentially more potent in reducing the hair growth inhibitor IL-6.

This study found that CGF may be effective in reducing inflammation and improving skin conditions in psoriasis, particularly in patients resistant to other treatments.

This article reviews the current FDA-approved treatments for severe pediatric alopecia areata, including the use of Janus kinase inhibitors, but reports no new clinical findings.

In this study on mice, researchers observed that dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) plays a key role in regulating skin inflammation and tissue repair; however, reduced expression of certain cytokines in obese mice may hinder these processes, indicating potential metabolic disruptions in dWAT during inflammation.

In this case-control study, the researchers found no significant association between IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms and alopecia areata susceptibility among the Egyptian population.

IL-13 protein is much higher in the skin of atopic dermatitis patients than in healthy skin.

IL-27 may help prevent hair loss in alopecia areata by promoting immunosuppressive T cells.