Serum Levels of Interleukin-1 (IL-1α, IL-1β) in Patients with Alopecia Areata

The study evaluated serum concentrations of IL-1α and IL-1β in 46 patients with alopecia areata (AA) and 20 healthy controls. Results showed that IL-1α levels were significantly higher in AA patients compared to controls (4.34±0.86 pg/mL vs 3.66±0.35 pg/mL). Although IL-1β levels were also higher in AA patients, the difference was not statistically significant. No correlation was found between the duration of the disease and serum levels of IL-1α and IL-1β. The findings highlighted the potential role of IL-1α in the pathogenesis of AA.