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Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.

Sox21 is crucial for tooth development and enamel formation by preventing cells from changing into a different type.

PPARγ is crucial for skin health but can have both beneficial and harmful effects.

Wild boar bristles in Balıkesir vary in length and thickness but are unsuitable for species separation.

The black orchid Brasiliorchis schunkeana produces chemicals that attract certain insects and have potential antimicrobial properties.

Mackerel fermented fish oil protects skin cells from damage by UVB light.

G-CSF effectively treated a teenager's cyclic neutropenia and reduced her symptoms without adverse effects.

Understanding the genetics of rare inherited ichthyosis syndromes is key for better treatments and genetic counseling.

CD4+ skin cells may be precursors to basal cell carcinoma.

Some herbal ingredients like linalool and tea tree oil have anti-dandruff properties and are safe for use in shampoos.

Many substances, including chemicals and metals, can cause skin reactions; careful handling and identification of allergens are crucial to prevent dermatitis.

Small proline-rich proteins and trichohyalin help make epithelial tissues tougher and more flexible.

Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.

Zinc pyrithione needs targeted delivery to the scalp for effective dandruff treatment.

Papain and bisulfite break down human hair by dissolving parts of it.

The document concludes that skin stem cells are important for hair growth and wound healing, and could be used in regenerative medicine.

Hair from people with seborrheic dermatitis is thicker scaled, more damaged, and thinner than healthy hair, and atomic force microscopy can help monitor the condition.

The research found two types of calcium in human hair, one that varies among individuals and another that is consistent across people.

Further research is needed to improve hair regeneration using stem cells and nanomaterials.

Permed hair degrades faster and shows more damage after protease treatment compared to untreated hair.

Environmental, chemical, mechanical, and personal health factors can all damage hair and contribute to hair loss or changes in hair quality.

The document explains how shampoos clean, rinses condition, one-step shampoos offer convenience, and hair growth promoters aim to prevent hair loss, emphasizing the importance of scientific evidence for their effectiveness.

Genetic mutations cause various hair diseases, and whole genome sequencing may reveal more about these conditions.

Loose Anagen Hair syndrome occurs in dark-skinned children and often improves on its own.

Human hair varies widely and should be classified by curl type rather than race.

Lipids in Japanese hair help maintain glossiness and structure.

The document explains what healthy skin, nails, and hair look like on an ultrasound.

Proper hair care and safe use of hair products are crucial for those with hair loss.

Targeting drugs to hair follicles can treat skin conditions, but reaching deep follicle areas is hard and needs more research.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, long-lasting stem cells in mouse hair follicles.