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New gel formulas without ethanol and propylene glycol, containing a minoxidil-methyl-β-cyclodextrin complex, have been created for treating hair loss.

Most women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia had polycystic ovaries, especially if they had irregular periods.

Meibomian glands are highly specialized and differ significantly from other sebaceous glands in structure and function.

B2m-free HLA variants may be a new class of HLA important in immune responses and diseases.

Germ-free rats need biotin for growth and have different vitamin metabolism compared to regular rats.

Metformin has limited effectiveness for improving PCOS symptoms and lacks clear benefits, needing more research to confirm its efficacy.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Women with female pattern hair loss have higher levels of certain androgens, suggesting increased androgen exposure to hair follicles.

Higher androgen levels do not cause baldness in men.

Blood tests are needed to confirm high male hormone levels in women with PCOS, as physical signs alone are not reliable.

The document describes a treatment for excessive hair growth in a teenage girl using medication and birth control, but does not report the results.

Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.

3D imaging of skin biopsies offers better accuracy but is time-consuming and can't clear melanin.

Patents don't guarantee money; inventors must work hard and stay involved.

Two-photon microscopy effectively tracks live stem cell activity in mouse skin with minimal harm and clear images.

Using polymeric micelles to deliver spironolactone topically could improve wound healing in skin affected by glucocorticoids.

Testosterone replacement therapy should be used for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism, after careful diagnosis and considering individual needs.

Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.

Targeting the actin cytoskeleton could improve skin healing and reduce scarring.

Long-term high testosterone levels can improve bone density and reduce body fat but may increase the risk of prostate cancer and high blood pressure.

The document suggests creating a validated score to diagnose Cushing's Syndrome and considers plasma steroid profiling as a simpler diagnostic method.

Aesthetic medicine needs clear ethical guidelines to ensure patient well-being and safety.

Stem cell and platelet-rich plasma therapies show promise for COVID-19 related hair loss, but more research is needed.

Testosterone treatment for older men can have short-term benefits, but long-term risks are unclear, requiring careful evaluation and monitoring.

Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.

Multimodal primary treatment improves survival in premenopausal breast cancer patients and is also beneficial for postmenopausal women.

PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin improves cancer treatment effectiveness and reduces side effects like heart damage and hair loss.

2007 research improved understanding of prostate cancer risk, diagnosis, and treatment, but also showed the need for personalized treatment and further study on certain therapies' risks.

The meeting showcased rare skin disease cases, highlighting the need for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Most patients improved with oral contraceptives, but some needed additional treatment.