20 citations
,
December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” This study found that at pH 9.0, CYS penetrated less and caused less damage to virgin human hair than TG because it barely reached the cortex region.
16 citations
,
October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” This study found that chemically modifying hair with 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride improved the permanence of hair setting without damaging the hair by increasing disulfide bonds.
29 citations
,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” In this study, researchers found that L-cysteine interacted electrostatically with anionic ions on the surface of keratin fibers in human hair, reducing the rate of disulfide bond disconnection at pH 9.0.
14 citations
,
September 2016 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology” This study observed that mercury-lamp irradiation may cause cleavage of disulfide bonds in keratins of white hair, leading to the formation of thiols in laboratory settings.
3 citations
,
January 2004 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” This study found that adding dithiodiglycolic acid to the hair straightening process decreased chemical damage and preserved the structural integrity of the hair matrix compared to using thioglycolic acid alone.
January 2008 in “Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory” This study utilized a fluorescence probe to evaluate cysteine formation on hair fibers, finding that optimal fluorescence emission occurred at pH 4.5.
23 citations
,
June 2014 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study reported that the treatment of hair with glyoxylic acid straighteners causes major conformational changes within the hair fiber due to interactions between carbonyl and keratin components.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” In this study, researchers observed that using an Avena strigosa seed extract on chemically damaged hair significantly improved hair properties, including strength, gloss, and surface quality, by reinforcing keratin bonding and sealing cuticle damage.
3 citations
,
January 2009 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” This study found that using a bicomponent reduction system with TGA and DTDG for hair straightening limited hair damage by forming only thiol groups, while a TGA-only system formed more damaging mixed disulfide groups.
7 citations
,
September 2021 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” This study found that melanin extracted from cuttlefish ink provided significant protection against UV radiation damage to human hair, suggesting its potential as a photoprotective agent in hair-care products.
8 citations
,
February 1968 in “Australian Journal of Zoology” This study describes the structure and composition of the epidermal horny layer in elephant seals, noting that its keratinized cells are attached without a specialized fission zone, differing from the sloughing mechanism in reptiles.
30 citations
,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” This article reviews methods for dissolving hair proteins and describes how solvents and molecules with hydrophobic groups interact with hair; it presents no new research findings.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” This study observed that repeated perm treatments decrease disulfide bonds in hair due to their conversion largely into cysteic acid, affecting the waving efficiency depending on the reduction agent used.
3 citations
,
January 2019 in “International Journal of Trichology” This study found no statistical difference in thiol-disulfide balance between telogen effluvium patients and controls, suggesting oxidative stress may not affect telogen effluvium through this mechanism.
1 citations
,
March 2025 in “Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica/Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica” This study evaluated quercetin's potential as a treatment for cats with Feline Atopic Skin Syndrome, finding it significantly reduced clinical scores in certain symptom groups like Head-and-Neck Pruritus and Miliary Dermatitis, although improvements in oxidative stress markers were not clearly significant.
January 2019 in “AYBU AVESIS” In this study, individuals with androgenetic alopecia showed higher serum levels of oxidative stress markers and lower levels of antioxidants, indicating disrupted redox balance and suggesting oxidative stress may accelerate hair loss.
1 citations
,
January 2019 in “Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi” This study found that oxidative stress, measured through thiol/disulfide balance, is closely linked to the pathogenesis of telogen effluvium.
7 citations
,
March 2023 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Using Selenium Disulfide shampoo weekly helps prevent scalp dermatitis flare-ups.
January 2013 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” In this study, carboxymethylalanyl disulfide keratin was shown to effectively prevent hair damage during repeated bleaching and permanent waving treatments.
8 citations
,
January 2009 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” This study found that CMAD wool keratin may protect human hair from damage during repeated bleaching and permanent waving treatments.
25 citations
,
May 2019 in “Heliyon” This study found that excessive heat caused the most significant structural changes in hair from Caucasian and Afro samples, especially when combined with other treatments like bleaching and straightening.
1 citations
,
October 2021 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” This study found that individuals with acne vulgaris had significantly higher serum total thiol and thiol disulfide levels, as well as a reduced total thiol/thiol disulfide ratio, compared to healthy controls.
October 2024 in “Cosmetics” This review highlights the lack of research on Afro-textured hair, emphasizing the need for better understanding of its genetic traits and molecular structure to develop more effective hair care solutions.
January 2014 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” In this study, liposome-encapsulated thioglycolic acid improved hair perming by enhancing the penetration of perm solutions, resulting in a stronger S-shaped wave and higher cysteine content compared to the control.
1 citations
,
January 1997 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” In this study, researchers found a significant decrease in the modulus of elasticity of hair shafts in premature neonates compared to full-term ones, potentially due to differences in disulphide bonds or microfibril arrangement.
1 citations
,
August 2014 in “OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)” This research provides insights into how keratin hydrogels, modified to control disulfide crosslinking, may function as a treatment platform for bone injuries.
1 citations
,
May 2022 in “The FASEB journal” This article discusses the development of targeted prodrug conjugates aimed at selectively attacking cancer cells while avoiding healthy ones, but reports no experimental results yet.
December 2023 in “Pharmaceutics” In this study, nanoparticles developed with Minoxidil-loaded thiolated β-CDs showed promise for topical scalp use, as they significantly improved drug retention on hair and displayed no irritation in rabbits.
January 2017 in “Rasayan journal of Chemistry” This paper describes a new scalable synthesis method for Dutasteride, highlighting its potential for large-scale commercial production.
4 citations
,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” This study proposed a network model for the cross-linked structure of keratin-associated proteins in hair and wool fibers, suggesting notable differences between the two, potentially affecting hair fiber elasticity.