15 citations,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.
5 citations,
January 2022 in “Scientific reports” The research identified two types of keratinocytes in chicken scales: one for hard scales and another for soft skin, with similarities to human skin differentiation.
72 citations,
December 2018 in “Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution” Corneous beta-proteins evolved uniquely in reptiles and birds, forming scales, claws, beaks, and feathers.
[object Object] 4 citations,
June 2023 in “Journal of developmental biology” The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.
22 citations,
December 2016 in “PloS one” A specific protein in chicken embryos links early skin layers to feather development.
86 citations,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
1 citations,
October 2012 in “Elsevier eBooks” Skin stem cells can help improve skin repair and regeneration.
51 citations,
September 2012 in “Biomacromolecules” Disulfide bonds make keratin in hair stronger and tougher.
1 citations,
July 2021 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Environmental factors can cause mutations in skin proteins, leading to skin disorders.
[object Object] 
39 citations,
April 2011 in “Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation” Nanoemulsion-based drug delivery systems are versatile and have potential for treating various medical conditions and improving vaccines.
February 2014 in “Medicine - Programa De Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado” The document concludes that non-scarring alopecias can be reversed, but scarring alopecias cause permanent hair loss.