72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
11 citations,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
2 citations,
January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Testosterone and its metabolites have varied effects on different body systems, especially during puberty.
28 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.
2 citations,
March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Small hormonal imbalances can cause significant health problems, so more sensitive testing for hormone-disrupting chemicals is needed.
2 citations,
June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
December 2022 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Testosterone is important for male development and health, and careful replacement can treat low levels.
46 citations,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
September 2023 in “Biology of reproduction” New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.
28 citations,
October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
15 citations,
August 2016 in “Current Urology Reports” Nandrolone and oxandrolone could help treat male health issues like muscle loss and low testosterone.
6 citations,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
28 citations,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
16 citations,
October 2007 in “Andrologia” DHT is a strong androgen that may pose less risk to the prostate compared to testosterone.
19 citations,
May 2020 in “American journal of men's health” Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.
6 citations,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
March 2014 in “Fertility and Sterility” The April 2014 issue of "Fertility and Sterility" discussed various reproductive health topics, including hormone therapy benefits, sperm and genetic factors in male infertility, and the link between PCOS and diabetes.
1 citations,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Androgen therapy might help some women with low libido, but it has risks and should be used carefully.
88 citations,
September 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Hormone treatment for transsexual individuals is effective but carries risks like thromboembolic events and mood changes, with most side effects being minor and reversible.
7 citations,
September 2023 in “Cancer Treatment Reviews” Managing side effects of endocrine therapy is crucial to improve adherence and survival in breast cancer patients.
5 citations,
July 2017 in “International journal of endocrinology and metabolism/International journal of endocrinology and metabolism.” Two siblings with a genetic mutation had a form of rickets that doesn't respond to vitamin D.
855 citations,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
4 citations,
February 2024 in “The Journal of Urology” Adding hormone therapy to radiation improves survival for high-risk prostate cancer recurrence but has side effects.
7 citations,
April 1995 in “Endocrinology” Finasteride doesn't affect bone density in male rats.
26 citations,
January 1994 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Taking spironolactone and linestrenol for androgen excess can lead to lower bone density in young women.
22 citations,
June 1993 in “Calcified Tissue International” Women with hyperandrogenic amenorrhea have similar bone density to healthy women but lower than androgenized women without amenorrhea, and high DHEAS levels might affect bone density.
48 citations,
November 1992 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Long-term finasteride use doesn't change bone density or metabolism.
11 citations,
May 2002 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride doesn't harm bone density in older men with BPH.
72 citations,
April 2008 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology” Dutasteride and finasteride do not significantly affect bone density, blood fats, or blood production, but slightly lower PSA levels and minimally impact sexual function in healthy young men.